东亚地区云微物理量分布特征的CloudSat卫星观测研究

张华; 杨冰韵; 彭杰; 王志立; 荆现文

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1408.13313

东亚地区云微物理量分布特征的CloudSat卫星观测研究

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1408.13313

1.
南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京210044;中国气象局气候研究开放实验室/国家气候中心, 北京100081
2.
国家卫星气象中心, 北京100081
3.
上海气象局, 上海200030
4.
中国气象科学研究院, 北京100081

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目2011CB403405, 国家自然科学基金项目41375080, 科技部公益性行业(气象)科研专项项目GYHY201406023

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-11-18
- 修回日期: 2014-08-13

The Characteristics of Cloud Microphysical Properties in East Asiawith the CloudSat Dataset

1.
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044;Laboratory for Climate Studies, China Meteorological Administration/National Climate Center, Beijing 100081
2.
National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081
3.
Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030
4.
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081

摘要

摘要: 本文利用2007~2010年整四年最新可利用的CloudSat卫星资料, 对东亚地区(15°~60°N, 70°~150°E)云的微物理量包括冰/液态水含量、冰/液态水路径、云滴数浓度和有效半径等的分布特征和季节变化进行了分析。本文将整个东亚地区划分为北方、南方、西北、青藏高原地区和东部海域五个子区域进行研究, 结果显示:东亚地区冰水路径值的范围基本在700 g m^-2以下, 高值区分布在北纬40度以南区域, 在南方地区夏季的平均值最大, 为394.3 g m^-2, 而在西北地区冬季的平均值最小, 为78.5 g m^-2;而液态水路径的范围基本在600 g m^-2以下, 冬季在东部海域的值最大, 达到300.8 g m^-2, 夏季最大值为281.5 g m^-2, 分布在南方地区上空。冰水含量的最高值为170 mg m^-3, 发生在8 km附近, 南方地区夏季的值达到最大, 青藏高原地区的季节差异最大;而液态水含量在东亚地区的范围小于360 mg m^-3, 垂直廓线从10 km向下基本呈现逐渐增大的趋势, 峰值位于1~2 km高度上。冰云云滴数浓度在东亚地区的范围在150 L^-1以下, 水云云滴数浓度的值小于80 cm^-3, 垂直廓线的峰值均在夏季最大。冰云有效半径在东亚地区的最大值为90 μm, 发生在5 km左右;水云有效半径在东亚地区的值分布在10 km以下, 最大值为10~12 μm, 基本位于1~2 km高度上。从概率分布函数来看, 东亚地区冰/水云云滴数浓度的分布呈现明显的双峰型, 其他量基本为单峰型。本文的结果可以为全球和区域气候模式在东亚地区对以上云微物理量的模拟提供一定的观测参考依据。
- CloudSat卫星 /
- 云水含量 /
- 云滴数浓度 /
- 云滴有效半径
Abstract: The distribution and seasonal variations of cloud microphysical properties in East Asia (including the liquid water content (LWC), ice water content (IWC), liquid water path (LWP), ice water path (IWP), effective radius, and number concentrations) are analyzed based on the CloudSat dataset from Jan.2007 to Dec.2010.East Asia is divided into five sub-regions for this paper, and are defined as the North, South, Northwest, Tibet Plateau, and East Ocean.The results show that the IWP is less than 700 g m^-2 over all of East Asia.The higher values are located south of 40° N.The IWP is at its maximum at 394.3 g m^-2 in the South region in summer and at its minimum of 78.5 g m^-2 in the Northwest region in winter.The LWP is less than 600 g m^-2.The maximum LWP is 300.8 g m^-2 and 281.5 g m^-2 over the East Ocean in winter and the South in summer, respectively.The maximum IWC occurs near the height of 8 km over the South in summer.East Asia's maximum LWC is 360 mg m^-3 at an altitude of 1-2 km.The largest ice (liquid) number concentration in East Asia is 150 L^-1 (80 cm^-3) and both these values are larger in summer.The largest ice effective radius in East Asia is 90 μm and occurred at around 5 km.East Asia's liquid effective radius is generally lower than 10 km.Its largest value reaches 10-12 mm at 1-2 km altitude.Two peaks are shown in the probability distribution function (PDF) of both the ice and liquid number concentrations, and most of the other cloud microphysical variables show single peak PDFs.The results reported here provide an observational basis for simulations of cloud microphysical properties by global or regional climate models in East Asia.
- CloudSat /
- Cloud water content /
- Cloud number concentration /
- Cloud effective radius

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