东亚夏季风活动与不同类型云的相关性研究

寇雄伟; 李昀英; 方乐锌; 孙国荣; 高翠翠

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1511.14293

东亚夏季风活动与不同类型云的相关性研究

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1511.14293

解放军理工大学气象海洋学院, 南京 211101

基金项目: 财政部/科技部公益类行业专项201306068,国家自然科学基金项目41475069、41075034,国家留学基金项目

计量
- 文章访问数: 1695
- HTML全文浏览量: 1
- PDF下载量: 2379
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-10-16

Relationships between East Asian Summer Monsoon Activities and Cloud Types

Institute of Meteorology and Oceanography, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101

摘要

摘要: 利用1998~2007年候平均卫星-台站融合降水资料以及ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project) D1云资料,分别定义了标准降水指数和两类云指数。降水指数大值区的移动能很好的表征东亚夏季风活动,两类云指数能分别反映某个区域深对流云(DC)、高积云(Ac)和积云(Cu)云量的集中变化特征。根据不同地区降水集中时段以及降水量等气候特征,结合中国气候区划(温度带及干湿区)及不同地域的地形特征,把中国大陆受东亚夏季风影响的地区划分为五个子区域。利用ISCCP D1云气候资料和降水资料,在候时间尺度上通过分析降水与不同云类、标准降水指数与两类云指数的相关性研究了东亚夏季风活动与不同类型云的对应关系。研究表明:ISCCP定义的深对流云(DC)、卷层云(Cs)与降水量在五个区显著正相关,表明东亚夏季风活动伴随有大量的对流云及云砧出现;高积云(Ac)、积云(Cu)的总云量与降水量在五个区显著负相关,表明夏季风活动增强时,Ac和Cu云量减少;层云(St)和层积云(Sc)与降水量在南方和北方分别呈显著的负相关和正相关,说明季风活动在南方伴随着对流云的显著增加,在北方则使层状云和对流云均有所增加;高层云(As)、卷云(Ci)和雨层云(Ns)与季风活动没有显著的相关性。
- 东亚夏季风 /
- 云类 /
- 云指数 /
- 相关性
Abstract: The standardized precipitation index and two types of cloud indices are defined based on the pentad averaged precipitation data and ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project) D1 cloud data from 1998 to 2007. It is found that the precipitation index is a good indicator of East Asian summer monsoon activities, and the cloud indices can reflect well the cloud amount of deep convection (DC), altocumulus (Ac) and cumulus (Cu). Based on the climate characteristics of precipitation, combined with the division of climate in China (temperature zones, wet and dry areas) and topography of different regions, the area of continental China influenced by the East Asian monsoon is divided into five sub-regions from south to north. Correlation between monsoon activities (MA) and cloud types, as well as the relationship between the precipitation index and two types of cloud indices are studied separately in five sub-regions on pentad time scales. It is found that DC and cirrostratus (Cs) have significant positive correlations with MA in the five sub-regions, indicating that the monsoon occurs mainly with convective cloud. Ac and Cu have significant negative correlations with MA, indicating the active stage of the summer monsoon with the produced Ac and Cu. Stratus (St) and stratocumulus (Sc) have strong positive correlations with MA in North China but negative correlations in South China, respectively, which shows the characteristic of convective cloud in South China and a mixture of convective cloud and stratiform cloud in North China. Altostratus (As), cirrus (Ci) and nimbostratus (Ns) have no robust correlations with MA.
- East Asian summer monsoon /
- Cloud types /
- Cloud index /
- Correlation

HTML全文

参考文献(39)

[1]	蔡广珍, 王东平, 贾小琴, 等. 2010. 临夏盛夏地方性云的统计特征及其对降水的指示关系[J]. 干旱气象, 28 (3):338-341. Cai Guangzhen, Wang Dongping, Jia Xiaoqin, et al. 2010. Statistical character about parochial cloud and its instruction relation to rainfall in midsummer in Linxia of Gansu Province[J]. J. Arid Meteor. (in Chinese), 28 (3):338-341, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7639.2010.03.016.
[2]	陈隆勋, 李薇, 赵平, 等. 2000. 东亚地区夏季风爆发过程[J]. 气候与环境研究, 5 (4):345-355. Chen Longxun, Li Wei, Zhao Ping, et al. 2000. On the process of summer monsoon onset over East Asia[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research (in Chinese), 5 (4):345-355, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9585.2000.04.002.
[3]	Chen G T J. 1994. Large-scale circulations associated with the East Asian summer monsoon and the Mei-yu over South China and Taiwan[J]. J.Meteor. Soc. Japan, 72 (6):959-983.
[4]	陈勇航, 黄建平, 陈长和, 等. 2005a. 西北地区空中云水资源的时空分布特征[J]. 高原气象, 24 (6):905-912. Chen Yonghang, Huang Jianping, Chen Changhe, et al. 2005a. Temporal and spatial distributions of cloud water resources over northwestern China[J]. Plateau Meteorology (in Chinese), 24 (6):905-912, doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0534.2005.06.009.
[5]	陈勇航, 黄建平, 王天河, 等. 2005b. 西北地区不同类型云的时空分布及其与降水的关系[J]. 应用气象学报, 16 (6):717-727. Chen Yonghang, Huang Jianping, Wang Tianhe, et al. 2005b. Temporal and spatial distribution of the different clouds over northwestern China with the relation to precipitation[J]. J. Appl. Meteor. Sci. (in Chinese), 16 (6):717-727, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7313.2005.06.002.
[6]	Ding Y H. 2004. Seasonal March of the East Asian Summer Monsoon[M]//Chang C P. East Asian Monsoon. Singapore:World Scientific Publishing, 3-53.
[7]	丁一汇, 王绍武, 郑景云, 等. 2013. 中国自然地理系列专著:中国气候[M]. 北京:科学出版社. Ding Yihui, Wang Shaowu, Zheng Jingyun, et al. 2013. China Natural Geography Monograph Series:Chinese Climate (in Chinese)[M]. Beijing:Science Press.
[8]	杜振彩, 黄荣辉, 黄刚, 等. 2011. 亚洲季风区积云降水和层云降水时空分布特征及其可能成因分析[J]. 大气科学, 35 (6):993-1008. Du Zhencai, Huang Ronghui, Huang Gang, et al. 2011. The characteristics of spatial and temporal distributions of convective rainfall and stratiform rainfall in the Asian monsoon region and their possible mechanisms[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 35 (6):993-1008, doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2011.06.01.
[9]	方思达, 江志红. 2013. 全球变暖背景下江淮地区降水强度分布结构变化的特征分析[J]. 气候与环境研究, 18 (6):757-766. Fang Sida, Jiang Zhihong. 2013. Analysis of the change in the precipitation intensity distribution in the Yangtze-Huaihe River basin under global warming[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research (in Chinese), 18 (6):757-766, doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2012.12050.
[10]	He J H, Ju J H, Wen Z P, et al. 2007. A review of recent advances in research on Asian monsoon in China[J]. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 24 (6):972-992, doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0972-2.
[11]	何金海, 祁莉, 韦晋, 等. 2007. 关于东亚副热带季风和热带季风的再认识[J]. 大气科学, 31 (6):1257-1265. He Jinhai, Qi Li, Wei Jin, et al. 2007. Reinvestigations on the East Asian subtropical monsoon and tropical monsoon[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 31 (6):1257-1265, doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2007.06.20.
[12]	洪延超, 黄美元, 王首平. 1984. 梅雨云系中亮带不均匀性的理论探讨[J]. 大气科学, 8 (2):197-204. Hong Yanchao, Huang Meiyuan, Wang Shouping. 1984. A theoretical study on inhomogeneity of bright band in Mei-yu frontal cloud system[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 8 (2):197-204, doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895. 1984.02.10.
[13]	胡亮, 李耀东, 何金海. 2010. 东亚热带季风与副热带季风降水特征研究的回顾与展望[J]. 热带气象学报, 26 (6):813-818. Hu Liang, Li Yaodong, He Jinhai. 2010. Review of and outlook on the study of precipitation associated with East Asian subtropical monsoon and tropical monsoon[J]. J. Trop. Meteor. (in Chinese), 26 (6):813-818, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4965.2010.06.023.
[14]	胡亮, 李耀东, 杨松, 等. 2011. 东亚热带与副热带季风区对流降水和层云降水季节变化特征对比分析研究[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 41 (8):1182-1191. Hu Liang, Li Yaodong, Yang Song, et al. 2011. Seasonal variability in tropical and subtropical convective and stratiform precipitation of the East Asian monsoon[J]. Sci. China Earth Sci., 54 (10):1595-1603, doi: 10.1007/s11430-011-4225-y.
[15]	Huang R H, Zhou L T, Chen W. 2003. The progresses of recent studies on the variabilities of the East Asian monsoon and their causes[J]. Adv.Atmos. Sci., 20 (1):55-69, doi: 10.1007/BF03342050.
[16]	江志红, 何金海, 李建平, 等. 2006. 东亚夏季风推进过程的气候特征及其年代际变化[J]. 地理学报, 61 (7):675-686. Jiang Zhihong, He Jinhai, Li Jianping, et al. 2006. Northerly advancement characteristics of the East Asian summer monsoon with its interdecadal variations[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica (in Chinese), 61 (7):675-686, doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0375-5444.2006.07.001.
[17]	Joyce R J, Janowiak J E, Arkin P A, et al. 2004. CMORPH:A method that produces global precipitation estimates from passive microwave and infrared data at high spatial and temporal resolution[J]. J. Hydrometeor., 5 (3):487-503, doi: 10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0487:CAMTPG>2.0.CO;2.
[18]	李跃清, 张琪. 2014. 西南地区夏季云量与降水的关系特征分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 29 (3):441-453. Li Yueqing, Zhang Qi. 2014. Contemporaneous relationships between summer cloudiness and precipitation over Southwest China[J]. J. Nat. Resour. (in Chinese), 29 (3):441-453, doi:10.11849/zrzyxb. 2014.03.008.
[19]	李昀英, 方乐锌, 寇雄伟. 2014. 卫星-地基-模式统一的自动观测云分类原则和标准的研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 57 (8):2433-2441. Li Yunying, Fang Lexin, Kou Xiongwei. 2014. Principle and standard of auto-observation cloud classification for satellite, ground measurements and model[J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 57 (8):2433-2441, doi: 10.6038/cjg20140805.
[20]	刘晓春, 范水勇, 毛节泰. 2012. 云顶参数与降水间关系的统计分析和数值模拟[J]. 气候与环境研究, 17 (2):125-138. Liu Xiaochun, Fan Shuiyong, Mao Jietai. 2012. Statistic analysis and numerical simulation on the relationship between cloud top parameters and precipitation[J]. Climatic and Enviromental Research (in Chinese), 17 (2):125-138, doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2011.10120.
[21]	Luo Y L, Wang H, Zhang R H, et al. 2013. Comparison of rainfall characteristics and convective properties of monsoon precipitation systems over South China and the Yangtze and Huai River basin[J]. J.Climate, 26 (1):110-132.
[22]	Luo Y L, Zhang R H, Qian W M, et al. 2011. Intercomparison of deep convection over the Tibetan Plateau-Asian monsoon region and subtropical North America in boreal summer using CloudSat/CALIPSO data[J]. J. Climate, 24 (8):2164-2177.
[23]	潘旸, 沈艳, 宇婧婧, 等. 2012. 基于最优插值方法分析的中国区域地面观测与卫星反演逐时降水融合试验[J]. 气象学报, 70 (6):1381-1389.Pan Yang, Shen Yan, Yu Jingjing, et al. 2012. Analysis of the combined gauge-satellite hourly precipitation over China based on the OI technique[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 70 (6):1381-1389, doi: 10.11676/qxxb2012.116.
[24]	Rossow W B, Schiffer R A. 1999. Advances in understanding clouds from ISCCP[J]. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 80(11):2261-2287, doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1999)080<2261:AIUCFI>2.0.CO;2.
[25]	沈艳, 潘旸, 宇婧婧, 等. 2013. 中国区域小时降水量融合产品的质量评估[J]. 大气科学学报, 36 (1):37-46. Shen Yan, Pan Yang, Yu Jingjing, et al. 2013. Quality assessment of hourly merged precipitation product over China[J]. Trans. Atmos. Sci. (in Chinese), 36 (1):37-46, doi:10. 3969/j.issn.1674-7097.2013.01.005.
[26]	Shen Y, Zhao P, Pan Y, et al. 2014. A high spatiotemporal gauge-satellite merged precipitation analysis over China[J]. J. Geophys. Res., 119 (6):3063-3075, doi: 10.1002/2013JD020686.
[27]	Tao S Y, Chen L X. 1987. A review of recent research on the East Asian summer monsoon in China[M]//Chang C P, Krishnamurti T N. Monsoon Meteorology. New York:Oxford University Press, 60-92.
[28]	涂长望, 黄仕松. 1944. 中国夏季风之进退[J]. 气象学报, 18 (1):1-20.Tu Changwang, Huang Shisong. 1944. The advances and retreats of the summer monsoon in China[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 18 (1):1-20.
[29]	王青, 钟亦侠, 吴兮, 等. 2009. 浅析郴州云与降水的关系[J]. 湘南学院学报, 30 (5):48-50, 59. Wang Qing, Zhong Yixia, Wu Xi, et al. 2009.Analysis of relationship between clouds and precipitation in Chenzhou[J]. Journal of Xiangnan University (in Chinese), 30 (5):48-50, 59, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-8173.2009.05.015.
[30]	Xie P P, Xiong A Y. 2011. A conceptual model for constructing highresolution gauge-satellite merged precipitation analyses[J]. J. Geophys.Res., 116 (D21):D21106, doi: 10.1029/2011JD016118.
[31]	严异德, 张国庆. 2007. 结古地区云与降水关系的分析[J]. 青海科技, 14 (5):19-21, 22. Yan Yide, Zhang Guoqing. 2007. Analysis of relationship between clouds and precipitation in Jiegu[J]. Qinghai Science and Technology (in Chinese), 14 (5):19-21, 22, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9393.2007.05.008.
[32]	尤丽钰, 沈如桂, 冯志强. 1990. 高层辐散对热带季风发展的作用[J]. 中山大学学报 (自然科学版), 29 (3):168-176. You Liyu, Shen Rugui, Feng Zhiqiang. 1990. Effects of divergent fields in the upper troposphere to the development of summer monsoons in East Asia[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni (in Chinese), 29 (3):168-176.
[33]	张庆云, 陶诗言. 1998. 夏季东亚热带和副热带季风与中国东部汛期降水[J]. 应用气象学报, 9 (增刊):17-23. Zhang Qingyun, Tao Shiyan. 1998. Asia and its influence on the rainfall over eastern China in summer[J]. J. Appl. Meteor. Sci. (in Chinese), 9 (Suppl):17-23.
[34]	赵勇, 崔彩霞, 贾丽红, 等. 2013. 中国天山区域云量的变化及其与降水的关系[J]. 沙漠与绿洲气象, 7 (6):1-7. Zhao Yong, Cui Caixia, Jia Lihong, et al. 2013. The change of cloud coverage in Tianshan Mountain in China and its relation with precipitation[J]. Desert and Oasis Meteorology(in Chinese), 7 (6):1-7, doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-0799.2013. 06.001.
[35]	Zhou T J, Zhang L X, Li H M. 2008. Changes in global land monsoon area and total rainfall accumulation over the last half century[J]. Geophys.Res. Lett., 35 (16):L16707, doi: 10.1029/2008GL034881.
[36]	Zhou T J, Wu B, Wang B. 2009a. How well do atmospheric general circulation models capture the leading modes of the interannual variability of the Asian-Australian monsoon?[J]. J. Climate, 22 (5):1159-1173, doi: 10.1175/2008JCLI2245.1.
[37]	Zhou T J, Wu B, Scaife A A, et al. 2009b. The CLIVAR C20C project:Which components of the Asian-Australian monsoon circulation variations are forced and reproducible?[J]. Climate Dyn., 33 (7-8):1051-1068, doi: 10.1007/s00382-008-0501-8.
[38]	Zhu Q G, He J H, WANG P X. 1986. A study of circulation differences between East-Asian and Indian summer monsoons with their interaction[J]. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 3 (4):466-477, doi: 10.1007/BF02657936.
[39]	左瑞亭, 曾庆存, 张铭. 2004. 季风及季风与西风带相互关系的数值模拟研究[J]. 大气科学, 28 (1):7-22. Zuo Ruiting, Zeng Qingcun, Zhang Ming. 2004. A numerical simulation of monsoon and the correlation between monsoon and westerlies[J]. J. Atmos. Sci. (in Chinese), 28 (1):7-22, doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2004.01.02.