大气气溶胶的卫星遥感及其在气候和环境研究中的应用

陈洪滨; 范学花; 夏祥鳌

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1801.17272

大气气溶胶的卫星遥感及其在气候和环境研究中的应用

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1801.17272

陈洪滨^{1, 2, 3,},
范学花^1, ,,
夏祥鳌^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室, 北京 100029
2.
中国科学院大学地球科学学院, 北京 100049
3.
南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41475027

国家自然科学基金项目 41775033

国家重点研发计划项目 2017YFA0603504

详细信息

作者简介:
陈洪滨, 男, 1960年出生, 研究员, 主要从事大气物理学与大气环境研究。E-mail:chb@mail.iap.ac.cn

通讯作者:
范学花, E-mail:fxh@mail.iap.ac.cn

中图分类号: P41
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- 文章访问数: 1882
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-11-09
- 网络出版日期: 2018-01-31
- 刊出日期: 2018-05-15

Review of Satellite Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Aerosols and Its Applications in Climate and Environment Studies

Hongbin CHEN^{1, 2, 3
,},
Xuehua FAN^{1
, ,},
Xiang'ao XIA^{1, 2, 3}

1.
Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
2.
School of the Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3.
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41475027

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41775033

National Key R & D Program of China 2017YFA0603504

摘要

摘要: 卫星遥感可以获得全球范围的大气气溶胶光学特性，目前国内外已有多颗卫星观测能够提供气溶胶特性的资料。本文综述性介绍国内外卫星遥感气溶胶特性方面的研究进展和成果，并讨论了卫星遥感资料在气候和环境研究领域中的应用。主要内容包括：极轨/静止卫星平台搭载的被动遥感传感器及其反演气溶胶特性的方法；星载激光雷达获取气溶胶光学特性的方法；国内外正在研发的新一代卫星主、被动气溶胶遥感探测器；卫星气溶胶产品在气溶胶辐射强迫、气候效应、大尺度污染输送、区域空气质量监测等研究中的应用。
- 卫星遥感 /
- 气溶胶特性 /
- 气溶胶产品应用
Abstract: Remote sensing of aerosols from satellites is the most convenient tool for providing global information on spatial and temporal distributions of atmospheric aerosols. Current satellite sensors have begun quotidian providing quantitative distributions of aerosol optical thickness. Progresses and research findings on satellite retrievals of aerosol optical properties are introduced in this paper with the emphasis on four aspects:(1) Aerosol passive sensors onboard different platforms of polar-and geostationary-satellites; (2) aerosol retrieval methods of satellite passive sensors; (3) aerosol retrievals from space-borne lidar; (4) the next-generation satellite passive and active sensors focusing on aerosol retrieval. In addition, the applications of satellite aerosol products in climate and environment studies are also reviewed in the paper.
- Satellite remote sensing /
- Aerosol properties /
- Application of aerosol products

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图 1 卫星被动遥感反演气溶胶特性流程图

Figure 1. Flow chart of retrieval of aerosol properties from satellite passive sensors

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 POLDER多角度观测示意图

Figure 2. The schematic diagram of POLDER (POLarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances) multi-angular observation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 可获得气溶胶光学特性的极轨卫星平台被动遥感传感器信息

Table 1. Information on passive sensors for aerosol retrieval onboard polar-orbit satellites

传感器/卫星平台	传感器研制国家	可获取的资料时长	光谱通道设置	观测方式和特点	气溶胶产品及空间分辨率
AVHRR (The advanced very high resolution radiometer)- 1/ TIROS (Television Infrared Observation Satellite)-N, NOAA-6, 8, 10, 12	美国	1978年11月至1994年12月	0.58~11.5 µm，共4个通道；	多通道跨轨扫描	洋面上空的气溶胶光学厚度AOD（Aerosol Optical Depth）；二级产品：0.1°；三级产品：0.1°
AVHRR-2/NOAA-7, 9, 11, 13, 14		1981年8月至2007年9月	0.58~12.5 µm，共5个通道；
AVHRR-3/MetOp (Meteorological Operational)-A, B, C, NOAA-15, 16, 17, 18, 19		1998年5月至今	0.58~12.5 µm，共6个通道
MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)/Terra	美国	1999年12月至今	0.4~14.4 µm，共36个通道；	多通道跨轨推扫	AOD、气溶胶尺度分布（洋面），气溶胶类型（陆面）；二级产品：10 km，3 km；三级产品：1.0°
MODIS/Aqua	美国	2002年5月至今	0.4~14.4 µm，共36个通道；	多通道跨轨推扫	AOD、气溶胶尺度分布（洋面），气溶胶类型（陆面）；二级产品：10 km，3 km；三级产品：1.0°
MERSI (Medium Resolution Spectral Imager)/FY3A, 3B, 3C	中国	2008年5月至今	0.4~13.8 µm，共20个通道	多通道跨轨推扫	AOD；二级产品：1 km；三级产品：5 km
VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite)/NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership)	美国	2011年10月至今	0.4~12.5 µm，共16个通道	多通道跨轨推扫	AOD、气溶胶尺度分布；中间产品IP（Intermediate Product）：750 m；环境记录产品EDR（Environmental Data Record）：6 km
MISR (The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer)/Terra	美国	2000年2月至今	0.44~0. 87 µm，共4个通道	多角度（9个角度：0°、±26.1°、±45.6°、±60.0°、±70.5°）观测	AOD、埃斯屈朗指数AE (Angstrom Exponent)、气溶胶类型；二级产品：17.6 km；三级产品：0.5°
POLDER-1 (Polarization and Directionality of the Earth’s Reflectances)/ADEOS-1(Advanced Earth Observing Satellite), POLDER-2/ADEOS-2	法国	1996年8月至1997年6月；2002年12月至2003年10月	0.44~0.91 µm，共8个通道，其中0.44、0.67、0.87 nm具有偏振探测能力	多角度（最多14个观测角度）多通道偏振探测	AOD、AE；二级产品：20 km；三级产品：20 km
POLDER-3 /PARASOL (Polarization and Anisotropy of Reflectances for Atmospheric Sciences coupled with Observations from a Lidar)	法国	2005年3月至2013年10月	0.44~1.02 µm，共9个通道，其中0.49, 0.67, 0.87具有偏振探测能力	多角度（最多16个观测角度）多通道偏振探测	AOD、AE；二级产品：18.5 km；三级产品：18.5 km
SeaWiFS (Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor)/SeaStar	美国	1997年9月至2010年12月	0.41~0.87 µm，共8个通道	以海色遥感为主要目的，更精确的大气校正方案	AOD、AE（洋面）、细模态比FMF（Fine Mode Fraction）（洋面）；二级产品：13.5km；三级产品：0.5°，1.0°
MERIS (MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer)/Envisat	欧空局	2002年3月至2012年5月	0.41~0.90 µm，共15个通道	以海色遥感为主要目的，更精确的大气校正方案	AOD、AE；二级产品：1.2 km三级产品：9 km
TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer)/Nimbus-7; TOMS/Meteor-3	美国	1978年11月至1993年4月；1991年8月至1994年11月	0.31~0.38 µm，共6个通道	紫外波段，下垫面（包括洋面、陆地，及可见和近红外波段呈现亮地表特征的干旱半干旱地表）反射率很低，有助于提取吸收气溶胶特性。	气溶胶指数AI（Aerosol Index）、AOD、气溶胶吸收光学厚度AAOD（Aerosol Absorption Optical Depth）；二级产品：50 km；三级产品：1.0°
TOMS/ADEOS-1;TOMS/EP (Earth Probe)	美国	1996年8月至1997年6月；1996年7月至2005年12月	0.31~0.36 µm，共6个通道	同上	AI、AOD、AAOD；二级产品：40 km；三级产品：1.0°
OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument)/Aura	芬兰、荷兰合作	2004年10月至今	可见光波段：0.35~0.50 µm，光谱分辨率约0.63 nm；紫外波段：UV-1，0.27~0.31µm，UV-2, 0.31~0.38 µm，光谱分辨率约0.42 nm	同上	AOD、AAOD、单次散射反照率SSA（Single Scattering Albeo）、紫外气溶胶指数UVAI（Ultra Violet Aerosol Index）；二级产品：13×24 km；三级产品：0.25°和1°

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