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平流层大气动力学及其与对流层大气相互作用的研究:进展与问题

黄荣辉 陈文 魏科 王林 皇甫静亮

黄荣辉, 陈文, 魏科, 王林, 皇甫静亮. 平流层大气动力学及其与对流层大气相互作用的研究:进展与问题[J]. 大气科学, 2018, 42(3): 463-487. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1802.17250
引用本文: 黄荣辉, 陈文, 魏科, 王林, 皇甫静亮. 平流层大气动力学及其与对流层大气相互作用的研究:进展与问题[J]. 大气科学, 2018, 42(3): 463-487. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1802.17250
Ronghui HUANG, Wen CHEN, Ke WEI, Lin WANG, Jingliang HUANGFU. Atmospheric Dynamics in the Stratosphere and Its Interaction with Tropospheric Processes: Progress and Problems[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2018, 42(3): 463-487. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1802.17250
Citation: Ronghui HUANG, Wen CHEN, Ke WEI, Lin WANG, Jingliang HUANGFU. Atmospheric Dynamics in the Stratosphere and Its Interaction with Tropospheric Processes: Progress and Problems[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2018, 42(3): 463-487. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1802.17250

平流层大气动力学及其与对流层大气相互作用的研究:进展与问题

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1802.17250
基金项目: 

中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目 QYZDY-SSW-DQC024

国家重大研发计划项目 2016YFA0600603

国家自然科学基金项目 41375046

国家自然科学基金项目 41375065

国家自然科学基金项目 41230527

国家自然科学基金项目 41461164005

详细信息
    作者简介:

    黄荣辉, 男, 1942年出生, 中国科学院院士, 主要从事大气动力学、季风和气候研究。E-mail:hrh@mail.iap.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: P433

Atmospheric Dynamics in the Stratosphere and Its Interaction with Tropospheric Processes: Progress and Problems

Funds: 

the Chinese Academy of Sciences QYZDY-SSW-DQC024

State Basic Research Development Program of China 2016YFA0600603

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41375046

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41375065

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41230527

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41461164005

  • 摘要: 本文综述了近年来关于平流层大气动力学及其与对流层大气相互作用动力过程的研究进展,特别是回顾了近年来关于平流层大气环流和行星波动力学、热带平流层大气波动及其与基本气流相互作用、平流层大气环流变异对对流层环流和气候变异的影响及其动力过程、平流层大气数值模拟以及在全球变暖背景下平流层大气的长期演变趋势预估等的研究进展。最近的研究揭示了大气准定常行星波传播波导的振荡现象、重力波在热带平流层准两年振荡和全球物质输送中的作用、平流层长期的变冷趋势变化、平流层在对流层天气和气候变化中的作用等现象,表明了平流层大气动力学研究的重要性。平流层大气动力学的深入研究,以及对数值模式中平流层模拟性能的提高,最终都会推动整个大气科学和气候变化研究的进一步发展。
  • 图  1  北半球冬季准定常行星波三维传播示意图。图中虚线为波折射指数Q0的分布

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of the wave guide of quasi-stationary planetary waves in the latitude–height cross section in boreal winter. Dashed lines indicate wave refraction index Q0

    图  2  1958~1998年北半球冬季平均的纬向波数1~3准定常行星波E–P通量(×ρ−1)(units: kg s−2)的合成分布图:(a)由NCEP/NCAR再分析资料(Kalnay et al., 1996)的计算结果;(b)由CCSR/NIES数值模式资料的计算结果

    Figure  2.  Composite distributions of the E-P flux of quasi-stationary planetary waves for zonal wave numbers 1–3 averaged over 40 boreal winters from 1958 to 1998: (a) Results based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (Kalnay et al., 1996); (b) result based on the numerical modeling data of CCSR/NIES AGCM

    图  3  北半球冬季准定常行波纬向波数1–3合成的E−P通量(×ρ−1)(units: kg s−2):(a)行星波活动为高指数的冬季;(b)行星波活动为低指数的冬季

    Figure  3.  Latitude–height cross sections of DJF (December, January, February) Eliassen-Palm (E−P) fluxes for (a) high and (b) low planetary wave activity winters. The E−P is scaled by an inverse of the air density

    图  4  北半球(a)1976~1987年、(b)1988~1998年、(c)1999~2012年期间冬季平均的准定常行波1~3波合成的E−P通量(×ρ−1)及其散度(单位:m s−1 d−1)分布。图中实、虚线分别表示正值(红色,辐散)和负值(蓝色,辐合)。计算结果基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料(Kalnay et al., 1996)

    Figure  4.  Composite distributions of the E–P fluxes(×ρ−1) of quasi-stationary planetary waves for wave numbers 1–3 and their divergences (units: m s−1 d−1) over the Northern Hemisphere averaged for the winters during (a) 1976–1987, (b) 1988–1998, and (c) 1999–2012 respectively. The red and blue areas indicate positive (divergence) and negative (convergence) values, respectively. Results based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (Kalnay et al., 1996)

    图  5  北半球准定常行星波传播的年际振荡与AO位相变化和东亚冬季风变化的关系示意图

    Figure  5.  Schematic diagram of the relationship between the interannual oscillation propagation of quasi-stationary planetary waves, the AO, and the East Asian winter monsoon in the Northern Hemisphere winter

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  • 收稿日期:  2017-07-09
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