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气溶胶辐射效应对边界层结构及夹卷特征影响的观测分析

陶昕宇 黄建平 谢晓金 王咏薇 包云轩 刘诚 张潇艳 徐家平

陶昕宇, 黄建平, 谢晓金, 等. 2020. 气溶胶辐射效应对边界层结构及夹卷特征影响的观测分析[J]. 大气科学, 44(6): 1213−1223 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1912.19180
引用本文: 陶昕宇, 黄建平, 谢晓金, 等. 2020. 气溶胶辐射效应对边界层结构及夹卷特征影响的观测分析[J]. 大气科学, 44(6): 1213−1223 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1912.19180
TAO Xinyu, HUANG Jianping, XIE Xiaojin, et al. 2020. Observational Analysis of the Influence of Aerosol Radiation Effect on Planetary Boundary Layer Structure and Entrainment Characteristics [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 44(6): 1213−1223 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1912.19180
Citation: TAO Xinyu, HUANG Jianping, XIE Xiaojin, et al. 2020. Observational Analysis of the Influence of Aerosol Radiation Effect on Planetary Boundary Layer Structure and Entrainment Characteristics [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 44(6): 1213−1223 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1912.19180

气溶胶辐射效应对边界层结构及夹卷特征影响的观测分析

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1912.19180
基金项目: 国家重点研究计划2017YFC0210102,国家自然科学基金项目41575009、41830965,国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目 41805022,江苏省自然科学基金青年科学基金项目 BK20181100
详细信息
    作者简介:

    陶昕宇,女,1995年出生,硕士研究生,主要从事灰霾边界层相关研究。E-mail: xinyu.t@foxmail.com

    通讯作者:

    黄建平,E-mail: jianping.huang@noaa.gov

  • 中图分类号: P41

Observational Analysis of the Influence of Aerosol Radiation Effect on Planetary Boundary Layer Structure and Entrainment Characteristics

Funds: National Key Research and Development Plan (Grant 2017YFC0210102), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 41575009, 41830965), Youth Science Fund Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 41805022), Jiangsu Youth Science Fund Project of the Natural Science Foundation (Grant BK20181100)
  • 摘要: 2017年12月22日至2018年1月18日利用无人机携带温、湿和颗粒物浓度探测仪对南京地区灰霾污染条件下大气边界层垂直结构开展加密观测。通过比较不同灰霾污染条件下温度、湿度和PM2.5(直径小于2.5微米的颗粒物)浓度的垂直结构差异,结合地面热通量、2米空气温度、相对湿度、风速、风向及主要大气污染物(如臭氧和PM2.5)浓度,定量评估了气溶胶辐射效应对边界层和夹卷过程的影响。分析表明,灰霾或气溶胶削弱到达地表太阳辐射,减小地表感热通量,延迟边界层发展,增加近地层大气稳定度,降低边界层高度,并加重灰霾污染。灰霾污染物在混合层顶处累积,导致PM2.5浓度最大变化出现在边界层顶部而不是近地层。气溶胶辐射效应对夹卷特征及其特征参数有重要影响。灰霾浓度升高时,夹卷区厚度增加;无量纲化夹卷速度随对流理查逊数的变化不再符合负1次方幂函数关系,与大涡模拟结果一致。本研究进一步指出,为提高重霾污染条件下天气和空气质量数值预报水平,必须考虑气溶胶辐射效应对边界层和夹卷参数化的影响。
  • 图  1  PDR-1500无人机(PDR)与热电β射线颗粒物监测仪FH62C14(β-ray)观测的PM2.5浓度在不同相对湿度(RH)条件下比较(虚线为1∶1线)

    Figure  1.  A comparison of PM2.5 concentrations measured by PDR-1500 unmanned aerial vehicle (PDR) with a thermo beta ray particle monitor FH62C14 (β-ray) under different relative humidity (RH) conditions (the dotted line is the 1∶1 line)

    图  2  2017年12月23日至2018年1月18日落桥试验站(32°30'N,118°37'E)观测的2 m温度、相对湿度(RH)、风速(WS)、风向(WD)及南京环监站(全市站点平均)臭氧、PM2.5浓度(C)时间序列

    Figure  2.  Time series of surface temperature, relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), wind direction (WD), O3, and PM2.5 concentration (C) observed at the Luoqiao Test Station (32°30'N, 118°37'E) and Nanjing environmental monitoring station (average of all sites in Nanjing) from December 23, 2017 to January 18, 2018

    图  3  重霾日(2017年12月23日;左列)和干净日(2018年1月12日;右列)不同时次PM2.5浓度、位温和比湿垂直廓线比较

    Figure  3.  Comparison of the vertical profiles of PM2.5 concentration, potential temperature, and specific humidity on December 23, 2017 (Heavy haze day, left column) and January 12, 2018 (clear day, right column). BT means Beijing time

    图  4  2017年12月23日与2018年1月12日(a)气温、(b)感热通量(Hs)的日变化

    Figure  4.  (a) Diurnal variation of 2-m air temperature and (b) surface sensible heat fluxes (Hs) on December 23, 2017 and January 12, 2018

    图  5  地表感热通量(Hs)随地面观测PM2.5浓度变化关系。

    Figure  5.  The relationship between surface sensible heat fluxes (Hs) and PM2.5 concentrations

    图  6  夹卷厚度随近地层PM2.5浓度的变化

    Figure  6.  Change in entrainment thickness with PM2.5 concentrations near surface

    图  7  对数坐标系下无量纲化夹卷速度与对流理查逊数对应关系。填色代表PM2.5浓度,单位:μg m−3,实线为干净天时两者函数关系(Deardorff et al., 1980),即${w_{\rm{e}}}/{w_*} = 0.25Ri_*^{ - 1}$

    Figure  7.  Correspondence between dimensionless entrainment rate and convective Richardson number in the logarithmic coordinate system. Colour filling represents PM2.5 concentration, units: μg m−3; the solid line is the function relationship on clean days (Deardorff et al., 1980), ${w_{\rm{e}}}/{w_*} = 0.25Ri_*^{ - 1}$

    表  1  大气边界层垂直探测所用仪器的主要技术指标

    Table  1.   Summary of key technical indicators of the instruments used for vertical detection of the atmospheric boundary layer

    仪器名称型号探测要素测量范围探测精度误差范围
    小流量便携式气溶胶颗粒物检测仪Thermo PDR-1500PM2.5浓度0~400 mg m−30.01 μg m−3±5%读数
    温湿度传感器sht75温度 相对湿度‒40~123.8°C 0~100%0.01°C 0.05%±0.3°C ±1.8%
    数字压力传感器bmp085大气压强300~1100 hPa0.03 hPa±0.5 hPa
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  2017年12月23日与2018年1月12日气温(T)、地表PM2.5浓度(C)、地表感热通量(Hs)、边界层高度(PBLH)、夹卷厚度(△h)、摩擦速度(u*)、夹卷速度(we)、对流速度尺度(w*)的比较(表中所给值均为一天中最大值)

    Table  2.   A comparison of measured temperature (T), surface PM2.5 concentrations (C), surface sensible heat flux (Hs), planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), entrainment thickness (△h), friction velocity (u*), the winding speed (we), the convection speed scale (w*) between December 23, 2017 and January 12, 2018 (the values represent the maximum ones on each day)

    T/°CC(PM2.5)/μg m−3Hs/W m−2PBLH/mh/mu*/m s−1we/m s−1w*/m s−1
    2017年12月23日14.2163.6148.504902490.130.0150.67
    2018年1月12日1.738.65150.848111500.240.0311.33
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-06-26
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