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樊雯璇, 王卫国, 卞建春, 等. 青藏高原及其邻近区域穿越对流层顶质量通量的时空演变特征[J]. 大气科学, 2008, 32(6): 1309-1318. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.06.06
引用本文: 樊雯璇, 王卫国, 卞建春, 等. 青藏高原及其邻近区域穿越对流层顶质量通量的时空演变特征[J]. 大气科学, 2008, 32(6): 1309-1318. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.06.06
Fan Wenxuan, Wang Weiguo, Bian Jianchun, et al.. The distribution of cross\|tropopause mass flux over the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2008, 32(6): 1309-1318. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.06.06
Citation: Fan Wenxuan, Wang Weiguo, Bian Jianchun, et al.. The distribution of cross\|tropopause mass flux over the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2008, 32(6): 1309-1318. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.06.06

青藏高原及其邻近区域穿越对流层顶质量通量的时空演变特征

The distribution of cross\|tropopause mass flux over the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions

  • 摘要: 利用1958~2001年ECMWF资料, 根据Wei公式估算了青藏高原及其邻近区域穿越对流层顶的质量通量 (CTF), 分析了CTF的时空分布特征。分析结果表明: (1) CTF分布呈现纬向型, 在副热带西风急流北侧即对流层顶断裂带中存在东西向的TST (对流层向平流层输送)CD*2STT (平流层向对流层输送)CD*2TST的波列结构 (水平输送项决定), 而南侧分布决定于垂直输送项。 (2) 在80°E~105°E范围内, 冬春季节, 青藏高原南部及其以南区域为TST, 北部为STT; 夏秋季节, 整个区域几乎由TST所控制。西风急流南侧的CTF主要决定于垂直项, 而北侧主要决定于水平项, 再往北, 垂直项与水平项贡献相当。 (3) 青藏高原与孟加拉湾区域平均CTF在所有季节均为TST, 即有从对流层到平流层净的向上输送, 2月强度最大, 7月为另一个极大值; 两个极大值有不同的产生机制, 后者决定于垂直项, 而前者由水平项决定。 (4) 青藏高原 (及孟加拉湾) 区域年平均CTF在1958~2001年之间的变化趋势在1982年左右出现一个转折: 1982年之前, CTF为递减过程; 而之后CTF为相对较强的增长。上述结果表明: 尽管冬季高原上空为下沉气流, 但高原上空的水平输送项有很强的向上贡献, 这与丛春华等 (2003) 得出的STT不一致。但需要指出的是, 根据Wei公式计算的CTF, 〖JP2〗尤其在急流附近, 对资料中存在的误差十分敏感 (Gettleman等, 2000), 因此青藏高原主体上空在冬季是STT还是TST, 有待于进一步的分析研究。

     

    Abstract: Based on ECMWF data sets from 1958 to 2001, the cross-tropopause mass flux (CTF) over the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions was calculated by Wei formula, and its spatial-temporal distribution and long-term trend was analyzed. Analysis results show that: (1) the CTF has a zonal distribution structure, and shows two distinct features on both sides of the subtropical jet. In the steep tropopause belt to the north of the jet, the CTF varies in a zonal wave-like pattern from TST (troposphere to stratosphere transport) to STT (stratosphere to troposphere transport) to TST, and so on, which is mainly caused by the horizontal CTF; and the CTF distribution on the south side is dominated by the vertical transport term. (2) In the longitude range (80°E-105°E), southern Tibetan Plateau and its southward regions are covered by TST, and the northern part by STT in winter-spring; however, the whole region from 20°N to 40°N is almost controlled by TST in summer-autumn. In all seasons, CTF is dominated by the vertical term to the south of the jet, and by the horizontal term in the steep tropopause belt, and by both terms to the further north. (3) The statistically regional averaged monthly CTF over the Tibetan Plateau and the Gulf of Bengal is controlled by TST in all seasons, with two maxima in February and July, which are caused by two different mechanisms, the vertical transport for July while the horizontal term for February. (4) The regional mean annual CTF undergoes a transition from a decreasing trend before 1982 to a relatively stronger increasing trend afterwards.

     

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