Abstract: In this paper, a convective precipitation that took place in southwest Hebei Province on May 22, 2017, is simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (version 4.3). By applying the satellite-observed vertical profile of the aerosol extinction coefficient in the model, this study quantifies this study quantifies the response of precipitation rates to the aerosol loading represented by the aerosol optical depth (AOD) by the aerosol radiative effect (ARE). The relationship of latent heating of microphysical processes and total advective heating to radiative heating is discussed. The influences of the ARE on temperature, moisture, relative humidity, and thermodynamic conditions are examined. (1) Increasing the AOD from 0.1 to 1.5 results in an increase and then a decrease in the influence of the ARE on peak precipitation rates, and at an AOD of 1.0, the influence is the largest. Meanwhile, the impacts of ARE on cumulative precipitation rates decrease and then increase, and the inhibition effect is the weakest at an AOD of 1.0. (2) The change in radiative heating resulting from the ARE is accompanied by significant changes in the latent heating rate of microphysical processes and total advective heating rate. The change in total heating rate is primarily determined by the latter two. (3) The ARE enhances the vertical updraft in the mature stage of convection, which is conducive to stronger convection and precipitation.