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从能量学角度理解气候背景场对ENSO热带和热带外遥相关的影响

黄刚 胡开明 唐颢苏 汪亚 屈侠 赵桂洁

黄刚, 胡开明, 唐颢苏, 等. 2023. 从能量学角度理解气候背景场对ENSO热带和热带外遥相关的影响[J]. 大气科学, 47(X): 1−11 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2305.23304
引用本文: 黄刚, 胡开明, 唐颢苏, 等. 2023. 从能量学角度理解气候背景场对ENSO热带和热带外遥相关的影响[J]. 大气科学, 47(X): 1−11 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2305.23304
HUANG Gang, HU Kaiming, TANG Haosu, et al. 2023. Understanding the Influence of Background Mean-state Field on ENSO Tropical and Extratropical Teleconnection from An Energetic Perspective [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 47(X): 1−11 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2305.23304
Citation: HUANG Gang, HU Kaiming, TANG Haosu, et al. 2023. Understanding the Influence of Background Mean-state Field on ENSO Tropical and Extratropical Teleconnection from An Energetic Perspective [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 47(X): 1−11 doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2305.23304

从能量学角度理解气候背景场对ENSO热带和热带外遥相关的影响

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2305.23304
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(42141019,41831175,91937302,41721004),第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0102)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    黄刚,男,1971年出生,研究员/教授,主要从事气候动力学研究。E-mail: hg@mail.iap.ac.cn

    通讯作者:

    黄刚, E-mail: hg@mail.iap.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: P

Understanding the Influence of Background Mean-state Field on ENSO Tropical and Extratropical Teleconnection from An Energetic Perspective

Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42141019, 41831175, 91937302, 41721004) and the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research program (2019QZKK0102)
  • 摘要: 厄尔尼诺-南方涛动 (El Niño-Southern Oscillation, ENSO) 通过遥相关过程影响全球天气气候。在热带地区,ENSO能通过影响热带对流层温度导致遥远海盆降水和海表温度异常;在热带外,ENSO能通过激发准定常罗斯贝波动造成北美、亚洲等地区气候异常。气候背景场对ENSO热带和热带外遥相关有重要影响。一方面,气候背景大气环流场可以通过正压和斜压能量转换影响ENSO遥相关波列的位置和强度。另一方面,热带气候背景海温和对流场会通过影响湿静力能分布影响ENSO热带遥相关过程。这些研究表明分析能量过程有助于理解气候背景场影响ENSO遥相关的机理。本文回顾了近几十年来国内外关于气候背景场对ENSO热带与热带外遥相关影响的能量分析研究进展,在此基础上,回顾了全球变暖背景下ENSO遥相关的可能变化,并提出了一些未来该领域内需要进一步研究的科学问题。
  • 图  1  ENSO影响全球天气气候的主要遥相关机制示意图。引自Yang et al. (2018)

    Figure  1.  A schematic illustrating the major teleconnections through which ENSO affects the global weather and climate. From Yang et al. (2018).

    图  2  El Niño衰退年夏季西北太平洋背景场动能和扰动动能之间的转换。(a)西北太平洋850-hPa气候态风场(矢量,单位:m/s),(b)850-hPa扰动场从背景场中获取的动能转换(CK,单位:m−2/s3),(c)和(d)分别为CK的纬向部分和经向部分(单位:m−2/s3)。引自Hu et al. (2019)

    Figure  2.  The energy conversion between the background mean flow and perturbations in the Northwest Pacific during the El Niño decaying summer. (a) Boreal summer 850-hPa wind climatology (vectors, unit: m/s). (b) Conversion of kinetic energy (CK, unit: m−2/s3) at 850-hPa from the basic state to perturbations. (c) and (d) are the zonal and meridional parts of CK (unit: m−2/s3), respectively. From Hu et al. (2019).

    图  3  高层机制和异常总湿稳定度(湿更湿)机制示意图。修改自Neelin and Su (2005)

    Figure  3.  Schematic diagram of the upped-ante mechanism and the anomalous gross moist stability (rich-get-richer) mechanism. Adapted from Neelin and Su (2005).

    图  4  全球变暖下ENSO热带遥相关变化示意图。修改自Hu et al. (2021)

    Figure  4.  Schematic diagram of ENSO tropical teleconnection changes under global warming. Adapted from Hu et al. (2021).

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