Abstract: National field scientific observation and research stations are important scientific and technological innovation bases and essential parts of the national innovation system in China. To meet the urgent need for first-hand field observation data in atmospheric science research, this article summarizes the “Atmospheric Collaborative Observation Network and Big Data Platform Construction” project through a full survey of field observation stations administered by the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The main content includes the scientific significance of the project, observation plan design, mechanism research, and data sharing platform construction, as well as professional development training. Through top-level design and optimized layout, this project intends to make maximal use of instruments and equipment in existing field stations with limited investment, implement collaborative observation experiments, and produce spatiotemporally continuous and high-quality big data products. Such data products are not only expected to provide first-hand and valuable data for the improvement and optimization of parameterization schemes for key physical processes in the Earth system model but also serve the national original science and technology innovation strategy.