Abstract: Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) remote sensing data is used to analyze the optical properties of aerosols released from burning straw in East China on 2 June 2008. And a comparison is made between the case and 3-year statistics during 2006~2008. It is showed that the aerosols were effectively detected by CALIOP, and the detection data is in accordance with the typical characteristics of biomass burning. The distribution and profile features of aerosols can be explained according to the locations of the fire points and atmospheric circulation. And secondly, it is also shows that the optical property in the case is different from 3-year June-July-August average and 3year average of this area. Backscatter profiles in the case illustrate the vertical distribution of aerosols. In the corresponding altitude depolarization ratio is larger than the average, while color ratio is lower than the average, which suggests that biomass burning aerosol layers are constituted of numerous nonspherical fine particles. Thirdly, the optical property describes the seasonal feature instead of annual feature. More case studies and observations are valuable to find out the universal characteristics.