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一次层状云系结构和降水机制的观测与数值模拟

王秀娟 李培仁 赵震 侯团结 杨洁帆 申东东 雷恒池

王秀娟, 李培仁, 赵震, 侯团结, 杨洁帆, 申东东, 雷恒池. 一次层状云系结构和降水机制的观测与数值模拟[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2013, 18(3): 311-328. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2012.11061
引用本文: 王秀娟, 李培仁, 赵震, 侯团结, 杨洁帆, 申东东, 雷恒池. 一次层状云系结构和降水机制的观测与数值模拟[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2013, 18(3): 311-328. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2012.11061
WANG Xiujuan, LI Peiren, ZHAO Zhen, HOU Tuanjie, YANG Jiefan, SHEN Dongdong, LEI Hengchi. A Case Study of Stratiform Cloud Structure and Precipitation Mechanism Based on Observation and Simulation[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2013, 18(3): 311-328. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2012.11061
Citation: WANG Xiujuan, LI Peiren, ZHAO Zhen, HOU Tuanjie, YANG Jiefan, SHEN Dongdong, LEI Hengchi. A Case Study of Stratiform Cloud Structure and Precipitation Mechanism Based on Observation and Simulation[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2013, 18(3): 311-328. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2012.11061

一次层状云系结构和降水机制的观测与数值模拟

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2012.11061
基金项目: 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目KZCX2-EW-203;国家自然科学基金项目40875079;山西省科技项目“黄土高原层状云降雨物理过程的观测研究”

A Case Study of Stratiform Cloud Structure and Precipitation Mechanism Based on Observation and Simulation

  • 摘要: 利用机载微物理探测仪器获得了2010年4月20~21日我国中东部地区的一次大范围降雨过程的观测资料,详细分析了云系的微物理结构和降水过程,并利用WRF模式对降水过程进行了数值模拟分析,详细探讨了此次降雨形成的微物理机制。分析表明,降水前期,云体在垂直方向上存在分层结构,云粒子探头(Cloud Droplet Probe, CDP)粒子浓度存在较大起伏。降水中期,CDP粒子主要存在于4.27 km以下,其中3.69 km处浓度较大,峰值普遍超过100 cm-3;降水粒子和尺度较大的云粒子同样在4.27 km以下。4.27 km、3.69 km处粒子形态较丰 富,经历了不同尺度的片状、不规则状、针状及辐枝状的变化,3.69 km处CDP粒子浓度较少时,降水粒子以针状为主,而CDP粒子浓度充足时则转化为尺寸更大的辐枝状粒子。4.27 km、3.69 km高度层存在的主要粒子是雪晶,其次是少许冰晶。降水后期,云体从顶部开始趋于消散,表现为3.9 km高度以上无明显CDP粒子,仅存在部分云粒子和降水粒子,其形态为不规则状。降水主要形成于3.9 km以下的云层,此时冷层仍存在部分针状的冰雪晶。WRF模拟结果表明:雨滴大部分形成于2.9 km以下,0 ℃层下方,2.2~2.9 km雪的融化贡献最大,2.2 km以下重力碰并为主。雪是冷暖层主要的降水粒子,雪在冰雪晶层大部分高度仍以凝华增长为主,混合层以凝华增长和结淞增长为主,而雪的增长程度可能受上升气流强度、过冷水含量影响。
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  • 收稿日期:  2011-05-24
  • 修回日期:  2013-03-15

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