京津冀平原地区灰霾天气的年代变化

王喜全; 孙明生; 杨婷; 王自发

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2012.11094

京津冀平原地区灰霾天气的年代变化

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2012.11094

1.
中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京100029
2.
北京军区空军气象中心, 北京100061
3.
中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京100029;中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 长春130012

基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“大气灰霾集合预报技术及预警”XDB05030200

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2011-06-24
- 修回日期: 2012-10-16

Interdecadal Change in Frequency of Dust-Haze Episodes in North China Plain

1.
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
2.
Beijing Military Region Meteorological Center, Beijing 100061
3.
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;Geography and Remote Sensing Research Center, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012

摘要

摘要: 首次利用高时空密度机场逐时能见度和天气现象的历史数据(1961～2006年), 对京津冀平原地区的灰霾天气现象进行了分析研究。初步的研究结果表明:(1)该地区的灰霾天气具有年代演变特征, 从20世纪90年代开始, 该地区的灰霾天气从局地性演变为区域性;(2)20世纪70年代中期至20世纪90年代初期, 该地区的大城市(如北京和石家庄)灰霾天气日数呈增加的趋势, 而中小城市却呈现出下降的趋势;考虑到这一时期经济高速增长的现实, 而中小城市的灰霾却表现出减少的趋势, 这一现象从污染控制的角度值得关注和借鉴;(3)20世纪70年代以前, 北京与石家庄的灰霾日数基本相同(100 d左右), 但20世纪70年代中期以后石家庄地区急剧增加并大幅超出, 超出的幅度近100 d左右;考虑到城市化对灰霾的影响以及北京地区的城市化水平远大于石家庄地区, 这一现象值得进一步深入研究。
- 灰霾天气 /
- 能见度 /
- 年代变化 /
- 京津冀平原地区
Abstract: The authors report on the first-time use of 1961-2006 hourly visibility data from 15 airports to investigate the interdecadal variation of dust-haze episodes in the North China Plain. The preliminary results show that (1) the evolution of the frequency of dust-haze weather showed interdecadal change characteristics from the 1990s until recent years, with dust-haze episodes evolving from local to regional scale. (2) Between the 1970s and 1990s the frequency of dust-haze episodes increased in the megacities (e.g. Beijing, Shijiazhuang), while decreasing in mid-size and small cities; this has important implication for dust-haze control strategies. (3) Before the 1970s the frequency of dust-haze episodes in the Beijing area (about 100 days per year) was almost the same as in the Shijiazhuang area; however, after 1975 the dust-haze episode frequency in the Shijiazhuang area increased rapidly and recent figures show that it is more than 100 d-higher than in the Beijing area. Considering the impact of urbanization on dust-haze conditions and the fact that the extent of urbanization in the Beijing area is much larger than that in the Shijiazhuang area, this interesting initial find deserves further investigation.
- Dust-haze episode /
- Visibility /
- Interdecadal change /
- North China Plain

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参考文献(12)

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