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厌氧条件下土壤反硝化气体(N2、N2O、NO)和CO2排放——氦环境培养—气体同步直接测定法的应用初探

冯琪 王睿 郑循华 张伟 邹建文

冯琪, 王睿, 郑循华, 张伟, 邹建文. 厌氧条件下土壤反硝化气体(N2、N2O、NO)和CO2排放——氦环境培养—气体同步直接测定法的应用初探[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2013, 18(3): 297-310. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.11014
引用本文: 冯琪, 王睿, 郑循华, 张伟, 邹建文. 厌氧条件下土壤反硝化气体(N2、N2O、NO)和CO2排放——氦环境培养—气体同步直接测定法的应用初探[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2013, 18(3): 297-310. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.11014
FENG Qi, WANG Rui, ZHENG Xunhua, ZHANG Wei, ZOU Jianwen. Direct Measurements of Denitrification Gas (N2, N2O, NO) and CO2 Emissions Using the Gas-Flow-Soil-Core Technique with Helium Environment Incubation[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2013, 18(3): 297-310. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.11014
Citation: FENG Qi, WANG Rui, ZHENG Xunhua, ZHANG Wei, ZOU Jianwen. Direct Measurements of Denitrification Gas (N2, N2O, NO) and CO2 Emissions Using the Gas-Flow-Soil-Core Technique with Helium Environment Incubation[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2013, 18(3): 297-310. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.11014

厌氧条件下土壤反硝化气体(N2、N2O、NO)和CO2排放——氦环境培养—气体同步直接测定法的应用初探

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.11014
基金项目: 公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目200803036;国家自然科学基金国际合作项目40711130636

Direct Measurements of Denitrification Gas (N2, N2O, NO) and CO2 Emissions Using the Gas-Flow-Soil-Core Technique with Helium Environment Incubation

  • 摘要: 反硝化过程是维系闭合氮循环所必需的氮素形态转化环节。土壤反硝化过程速率及产物比的直接测定是研究氮循环过程机理的基础,但却是一个难题。为解决此难题,德国卡尔斯鲁厄技术研究所与中国科学院大气物理研究所最近合作新建了一套通过氦环境培养—气体同步直接测定土壤反硝化气体——氮气(N2)、氧化亚氮(N2O)、一氧化氮(NO)和二氧化碳(CO2)排放的系统和与之配套的三阶段培养方法。为检验该新建系统和配套方法测定土壤反硝化过程的准确性和可靠性,以华北地区广泛分布的盐碱地农田土壤(采自山西运城)为研究对象开展实验室培养试验,在初始可溶性有机碳(DOC)供应比较充足约300 mgC kg-1 干土(d.s.)的条件下,测试了不同初始土壤硝态氮含量水平(10、100 mgN kg-1d.s.左右,分别表示为10N和100N)的反硝化气体和CO2排放过程。结果显示:100N的反硝化速率(定义为N2、N2O和NO排放速率之和)显著高于10N处理(统计检验显著水平p<0.01);两个处 理的反硝化产物均以N2为主(质量比分别占77%和75%),产物的NO/N2O摩尔比分别为1.2和1.5,N2O/N2摩尔比均为0.19;土壤反硝化气体动态排放速率及相关指标的测定结果表明,培养土壤中消失的硝态氮被回收81%~87%,培养前后的氮平衡率达92%~95%。因此,该新建方法测定土壤反硝化速率和产物比的结果具有很好的可靠性,为定量研究土壤反硝化过程提供了有效的直接测定手段。研究中检测到的土壤反硝化产物NO/N2O摩尔比大于1,不同于以往用液体培养基纯培养反硝化细菌得出的NO/N2O摩尔比远小于1的结论。这意味着,不能用NO/N2O摩尔比小于1与否来推断土壤排放的N2O和NO是主要来源于反硝化作用还是硝化作用。
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  • 收稿日期:  2011-01-27
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