东亚经向型气压异常偶极模与冬季北太平洋关键区域海温的关系及其数值模拟试验

赵巧莲; 李崇银; 李琳

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.11170

东亚经向型气压异常偶极模与冬季北太平洋关键区域海温的关系及其数值模拟试验

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.11170

1.
解放军理工大学气象学院, 南京211101;解放军陆军航空兵学院, 北京101123
2.
解放军理工大学气象学院, 南京211101;中国科学院大气所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室, 北京100029
3.
解放军理工大学气象学院, 南京211101

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划2007CB411805

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2011-11-01
- 修回日期: 2013-01-25

Relationship between the Meridional Dipole Mode of Sea Level Pressure Anomalies in Asia–Pacific Region and SST Anomalies in the Northwestern Pacific Determined by Sensitive Experiments with General Circulation Model

1.
Institute of Meteorology, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101;Army Aviation Institute, Beijing 101123
2.
Institute of Meteorology, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101;State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
3.
Institute of Meteorology, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101

摘要

摘要: 进一步从资料分析和大气环流模式的敏感性试验, 对西北太平洋海温异常与亚太中高纬度地区冬季海平面气压异常经向偶极模的关系及影响进行了研究。资料分析表明, 对应冬季亚太地区海平面气压的经向(ME)型偶极模, 西北太平洋中高纬度海温异常的影响存在两个重要关键区。尤其是(40°N～55°N, 150°E～160°W)海区的海温异常与冬季东亚经向型气压偶极模指数I_ME有明显正相关, (20°N～35°N, 125°E～170°W)海区的海温异常与指数I_ME有明显负相关。而上述两个关键海区的SSTA对经向型振荡模的影响, 主要是通过热通量异常的作用。敏感性模拟试验清楚表明, 西北太平洋关键区的海温异常对亚洲—太平洋地区冬季海平面气压场的经向偶极模有一定影响。区域1(42°N～62°N, 145°E～165°W)的负异常相对于其自身的正异常来说, 对亚太地区海平面气压场的负经向偶极模贡献更大, 而区域2 [(22°N～42°N, 135°E～175°E)和(26°N～42°N, 175°E～170°W)]的正异常相对区域1的负异常来说对负经向偶极模的贡献更大一些。但是, 单独区域1的负异常海温和单独区域2的正异常海温影响下的海平面气压场响应的负经向偶极模都会有不同程度的位置偏移。当存在区域1的负异常海温和区域2的正异常海温相互匹配的情况下, 亚洲—太平洋地区冬季海平面气压场的负经向偶极模特征更为显著。
- 冬季海平面气压异常 /
- 经向偶极模 /
- 西北太平洋海温异常 /
- 大气响应 /
- 敏感性试验
Abstract: Through data analyses and sensitive experiments with the general circulation model (GCM), the relationship and influence of the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the North Pacific on the meridional dipole mode of sea level pressure (SLP) in the Asia-Pacific region are studied in this paper. The data analyses show two critical regions of SSTA in the northwestern Pacific corresponding to the anomalous meridional dipole mode of the SLP in winter in the Asia-Pacific region. In particular, the SSTA in the (40°N-55°N, 150°E-160°W) region shows a positive correlation and that in the (20°N-35°N, 125°E-170°W) region shows a negative correlation to index I_ME of the meridional dipole mode of the SLP. The data analyses also show that the impact of SSTA in those two critical regions on the meridional dipole mode of the SLP in the Asia-Pacific region is mainly passed through the effect of heat flux anomalies. The results of sensitive experiments with the GCM show that the SSTA in two critical regions of the Northwestern Pacific play a specific role in exciting the meridional dipole mode of the SLP in winter in the Asia-Pacific region. In region I (42°N-62°N, 145°E-165°E), the negative SSTA is more effective than the positive SSTA in exciting the negative phase of the meridional dipole mode of the SLP; the positive SSTA in region II [(22°N-42°N, 135°E-175°E) and (26°N-42°N, 175°E-170°W)] is more effective than the negative SSTA in region I in exciting the negative phase of the meridional dipole mode of the SLP. However, the position of the excited negative meridional dipole mode of the SLP deviates a certain distance when there is negative SSTA in region I alone or positive SSTA in region II alone. Because the negative SSTA in region I coordinates with the positive SSTA in region II, the excited negative meridional dipole mode of the SLP is remarkable.
- Sea-level pressure anomaly in winter /
- Meridional dipole mode /
- Sea surface temperature anomaly in the Northwestern Pacific /
- Atmospheric response /
- Sensitive experiment

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