北半球冬季阿留申低压－冰岛低压相关关系的年代际变化及其模拟

董啸; 薛峰; 曾庆存

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.13021

北半球冬季阿留申低压－冰岛低压相关关系的年代际变化及其模拟

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2013.13021

1.
中国科学院大气物理研究所国际气候与环境科学中心, 北京 100029;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
2.
中国科学院大气物理研究所国际气候与环境科学中心, 北京 100029

基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项XDA05110201，国家重点基础研究发展计划项目2010CB951901

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-01-23
- 修回日期: 2013-10-10

Observational Analysis and Numerical Simulation of the Decadal Variation in the Relationship between the Aleutian Low and the Icelandic Low during Boreal Winter

1.
International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
2.
International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

摘要

摘要: 使用多种长期观测和再分析资料，分析了北半球冬季阿留申低压和冰岛低压相关关系的年代际变化。结果表明，两低压存在显著的负相关关系，使北太平洋和北大西洋海平面气压形成跷跷板式的变化（Aleutian Low-Icelandic Low Seesaw, AIS）。此外，AIS还存在显著的年代际变化，在1935～1949年和1980年后较为显著，其余时期并不显著。对1980年代的年代际转变分析表明，太平洋年代际振荡（Pacific Decadal Oscillation，PDO）在1970年代末的位相转变是AIS这次年代际转变的主要原因。PDO由负位相转变为正位相，使全球大部分大洋海表温度升高，而北太平洋海表温度降低，两低压显著变深，低压南部西风增强，从而通过Rossby波的频散效应使两低压强度形成显著负相关。1930年代中期的年代际转变与此类似，但强度较弱。同时，年代际背景的变化也影响到两低压的年际变化。在给定海表温度和海冰分布的驱动下，大气环流模式IAP AGCM4能基本模拟出AIS年代际转变的过程和机理，但仍存在一些偏差。
- 阿留申低压 /
- 冰岛低压 /
- 年代际变化 /
- 太平洋年代际振荡
Abstract: Based on long-term observational and reanalysis data, this study focuses on the decadal variation in the correlation between the Aleutian low (AL) and the Icelandic low (IL) during boreal winter. The results show a clear seesaw pattern in sea level pressure between the North Pacific and North Atlantic due to a negative correlation between the AL and the IL (AIS). In addition, the AIS is significant from 1935-1949 and after 1980 while it is not so significant in other periods, i.e., there exists a decadal variation in the AIS. Results also indicate that the phase transition of the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) during the late 1970s played a major role in the decadal shift of the AIS in the 1980s. The phase transition of the PDO from a negative to a positive phase leads to enhanced sea surface temperature (SST) over the global oceans and a reduced SST in North Pacific. In the meantime, the two lows are also deepened with a strengthened westerly on the south flanks of the lows. As a result, a negative correlation between the AL and the IL tends to become significant through the Rossby wave dispersive process. The decadal shift in the mid-1930s was much the same but with weaker intensity. We also noted that the interannual variability of the lows is influenced by the decadal climate background. Driven by the observed SST and sea ice, the IAP AGCM4 generally simulates the observed decadal shift of the AIS and related mechanisms although there are some biases in the model.
- Aleutian low /
- Icelandic low /
- Decadal variation /
- Pacific decadal oscillation

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