辽宁中部城市群灰霾污染的外来影响

洪也; 杨婷; 王喜全; 马雁军; 关颖; 张云海; 周德平; 王扬锋; 刘宁微

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2015.14278

辽宁中部城市群灰霾污染的外来影响

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2015.14278

1.
中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 沈阳 110016
2.
中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
3.
辽宁省气象台, 沈阳 110016

基金项目: 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所基本科研业务费项目2015IAE-CMA01,环保公益性行业科研专项200809144,国家自然科学基金应急管理项目414400364,国家自然科学基金项目41375146,气象关键技术集成与应用项目CAMGJ2012M14,公益性行业(气象)科研专项GYHY201406031-1,辽宁省科技厅项目2013229031

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-12-22
- 修回日期: 2015-05-27

Extrinsic Influence of Haze Episodes in the Central City Group of Liaoning Province

1.
Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110016
2.
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
3.
Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Shenyang 110016

摘要

摘要: 利用MODIS(MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)卫星资料、空气质量监测资料、地面气象资料及后向轨迹方法,对辽宁中部城市群代表性城市——沈阳市2009年全年发生的30 d首要污染物为PM10(空气动力学当量直径小于等于10 μm的颗粒物,即可吸入颗粒物)且空气污染指数API(Air pollution Index)为3级及以上污染过程的天气形势及污染来源进行了综合分析。研究结果表明:引发3级以上重污染事件的天气形势主要为4类,分别为高压均压场型(包括高压后均压场型、高压前均压场型和高压内均压场型)、长白山小高压型、弱低压场型及地形槽型。发生污染天气时气流主要有两个来向,即西南方向的京津冀来向和偏北方向的内蒙和长春来向。气流来自偏南方向的天数最多,为19 d。其中最容易受京津冀影响的天气型为高压后均压场型和地形槽型,共有8 d,占总污染天数的26.7%。因此,来自京津冀的外来输送对于辽宁中部城市群霾污染的影响不容小视,辽宁中部城市群空气质量的改善与临近区域的改善紧密相关。
- 灰霾 /
- 跨区域输送 /
- 辽宁中部城市群 /
- 京津冀地区 /
- 天气分型
Abstract: The city group of central Liaoning (CL) is one of the major air pollution areas in Northeast China. Based on the MODIS (MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite data, air quality monitoring data, and ground meteorological data for Shenyang (one of the cities in the CL city group) in 2009, this paper, using the backward trajectory method, analyzes the weather patterns and haze pollution sources of 30 haze pollution days on which particulate matter (PM10) was the main pollutant and the Air Pollution Index (API) level was ≥3. The results show that there were four different weather patterns that mainly triggered the heavy air pollution episodes: A uniform high-pressure field pattern, such as rear high-pressure, high-pressure in front, or high-pressure inside; the Changbai Mountains small high-pressure pattern; a weak gradient low-pressure field pattern; and a topographic trough pattern. The polluted days were mainly influenced by the southwest airflows from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region and the northerly airflows from Inner Mongolia-Changchun. Most (19) of the polluted days were generated under the southwest airflows conditions. The external haze pollutants from the BTH region were transported to the CL city group via Bohai Bay and the Liaoxi Corridor, and were mostly influenced by the near-surface southwesterly airflow from the uniform pressure field pattern to the rear of the high pressure and the topographic trough pattern. The two patterns resulted in eight polluted days, which accounted for 26.7% of the total number of haze days (30) in Shengyang during 2009. This demonstrates that cross-regional impacts of haze pollution cannot be ignored. The improvement of air quality in the CL city group is closely related to that over its neighboring regions, especially the BTH region. This poses a challenge for air pollution regional control strategies in China in the future.
- Haze episode /
- Long-range transport /
- Central Liaoning city group /
- Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region /
- Weather Pattern

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