中国区域多源土壤湿度数据的比较研究

马思源; 朱克云; 李明星; 马柱国

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2015.15080

中国区域多源土壤湿度数据的比较研究

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2015.15080

1.
成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 成都 610225;中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室, 北京 100029
2.
成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 成都 610225
3.
中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室, 北京 100029

基金项目: 国家科技支撑计划"干旱、半干旱区域旱情监测与水资源调配技术开发与应用",公益性行业(气象)科研专项"中国区域土壤湿度预测系统研究及其对农业影响评估"GYHY201106028

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-04-02

A Comparative Study of Multi-source Soil Moisture Data for China's Regions

1.
School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225;Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
2.
School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225
3.
Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

摘要

摘要: 利用中国区域1992~2010年的土壤湿度观测资料,对欧洲航天局(European Space Agency)的卫星遥感反演(以下简称ESA)和欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre of Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)的ERA-Interim(ECMWF Reanalysis-Interim,以下简称ERA)两套再分析土壤湿度数据在典型区域的可靠性进行了评估。结果表明:两种土壤湿度均能较好的描述观测区域的总体土壤干湿变化,但均值和趋势一致性存在时间和空间差异。ESA、ERA资料都能较好的描述中国区域春、夏、秋3个季节土壤湿度的干、湿分布格局。在干湿程度上,ESA在北方地区较观测偏干,在江淮和西南较观测偏湿;ERA在北方和西南地区较观测偏湿,在江淮较观测偏干;在江淮、华北部分区域,ERA与观测数据的相关性要高于ESA。ESA、ERA与观测在秋季时相关性最好(大部分站点大于0.7);在全国大部分区域,ESA偏差要小于ERA且在大部分地区都表现出与观测一致的变化趋势。在空间上,ERA在东北、华北、西南变干的范围明显大于观测;然而,ERA能更好的体现观测土壤湿度的年际变化。相对于西部地区,东部地区ERA与观测的一致性最好,而ESA在受降水、植被、地形等因素影响较小的时段或区域与观测的一致性更好,对秋季土壤湿度的描述比春、夏季更准确。
- 中国区域 /
- 土壤湿度 /
- 数据比较 /
- 时空特征
Abstract: Based on observational data of soil humidity from 1992 to 2010 in China's regions, this study evaluated the reliability of soil humidity data in typical regions collected via satellite remote sensing and inversion by the European Space Agency (ESA), and reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (namely, the ERA-Interim reanalysis, hereinafter referred to simply as ERA). The results indicated that these two kinds of soil humidity data can describe the overall change in soil humidity well in these regions, but the mean of the data and the trend differ both temporally and spatially. Data from ESA and ERA can describe the distribution pattern of soil humidity well in spring, summer, and autumn in China's regions. When compared with the observational humidity data, the ESA data showed soil to be less humid in the northern region and more humid in the Yangtze-Huaihe region and southwestern region. Meanwhile, the ERA data showed soil to be more humid in the northern and southwestern region and less humid in the Yangtze-Huaihe region. In part of the Yangtze-Huaihe region and northern region, the correlation between the ERA and observational data was higher than that between the ESA and observational data. The correlation of the ESA and ERA data with the observational data was best in autumn (most stations' correlation coefficients were above 0.7). In most regions of China, ESA's deviation was less than that of ERA, but they both showed the same trend of change as the observational data in most regions. In spatial terms, the scope of the change trend of the ERA data in the northeastern region, northern region, and southwestern region was obviously different from that illustrated by the observational data: The region with decreasing moisture was obviously larger than that according to the observational data, but the ERA data better reflected the interannual change in soil humidity. Compared with western regions, ERA in eastern regions was more consistent with observations, while in periods or regions where ESA was less influenced by such factors as rain, vegetation and topography, ESA was more consistent with observations and could reflect soil humidity more precisely in autumn than in spring and summer.
- China's regions /
- Soil moisture /
- Data comparison /
- Temporal and spatial distribution

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