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青藏高原植被指数最新变化特征及其与气候因子的关系

刘振元 张杰 陈立

刘振元, 张杰, 陈立. 青藏高原植被指数最新变化特征及其与气候因子的关系[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2017, 22(3): 289-300. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.14247
引用本文: 刘振元, 张杰, 陈立. 青藏高原植被指数最新变化特征及其与气候因子的关系[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2017, 22(3): 289-300. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.14247
Zhenyuan LIU, Jie ZHANG, Li CHEN. The Latest Change in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Vegetation Index and Its Relationship with Climate Factors[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2017, 22(3): 289-300. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.14247
Citation: Zhenyuan LIU, Jie ZHANG, Li CHEN. The Latest Change in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Vegetation Index and Its Relationship with Climate Factors[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2017, 22(3): 289-300. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.14247

青藏高原植被指数最新变化特征及其与气候因子的关系

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.14247
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 91437107

国家杰出青年科学基金 41625019

详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘振元, 男, 1988年出生, 硕士, 主要从事气候模拟与陆气相互作用的研究。E-mail: 871523584@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    张杰, E-mail: gs-zhangjie@163.com, 365443382@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: P436.22

The Latest Change in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Vegetation Index and Its Relationship with Climate Factors

Funds: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China 91437107

National Science Foundations for Distinguished Young Scholars 41625019

  • 摘要: 利用GIMMS/NDVI(全球库存模拟和影像研究/归一化植被指数,Global Inventory Modeling and MappingStudies,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)和MODIS/NDVI遥感数据以及青藏高原6个气象代表站的站点数据,结合多种统计和计算方法,分析了青藏高原植被NDVI变化规律及其影响因子。结果表明:1982~2013年青藏高原多年平均植被NDVI的空间分布存在明显的区域差异,总体上呈从东南向西北递减的趋势,而且发现不同地区植被的时间变化规律也不尽相同。根据高原长势最好的6~9月植被NDVI进行经验正交分解,将青藏高原植被分为5个区,并进一步分析了不同分区内植被的变化规律,得出:青藏高原植被NDVI下降最明显的区域在二区的噶尔班公宽谷湖盆地地区和北羌塘高原地区,植被NDVI上升最明显的区域在四区的祁连山东部地区。为了探讨青藏高原不同分区内影响植被NDVI下降的因子,从青藏高原二区、四区、五区各选取NDVI处于下降趋势的两个代表站点。研究分析了各个站点植被NDVI与降水量、平均气温、平均最低气温、平均最高气温、日照百分率5个气象因子的关系,得出:在高原二区日照强度是其它分区的两倍左右,而降水量相对较少导致植被NDVI降低。高原四区由于降水量小、温度高、日照强,导致植被NDVI处于下降趋势;在青藏高原五区虽然降水充足,但日照较弱,限制了植被的正常成长导致NDVI处于下降趋势中;其结果为高原植被退化机制研究及高原植被对大气反馈等奠定了基础。
  • 图  1  柴达木盆地NDVI的时间序列

    Figure  1.  Changes in NDVI from 1982 to 2013 in the Qaidam basin

    图  2  1982~2013年6~9月青藏高原平均NDVI分布

    Figure  2.  Average NDVI distribution over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from Jun to Sep during 1982–2013

    图  3  1982~2013年(a)6月、(b)7月、(c)8月、(d)9月青藏高原植被NDVI趋势相关系数分布(相关系数大于0.32超过90%的信度检验,大于0.38超过95%的信度检验)

    Figure  3.  Distributions of trend correlation coefficient of NDVI over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in (a) Jun, (b) Jul, (c)Aug, and (d) Sep during 1982–2013 (correlation coefficient greater than 0.32 exceeds the 90% confidence level, and that greater than 0.38 exceeds the 95% confidence level)

    图  4  青藏高原植被分区图青藏高原植被分区图

    Figure  4.  Subregions over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau based on NDVI

    图  5  青藏高原各分区内6~9月平均NDVI时间序列

    Figure  5.  Time sequences of average NDVI in each subregion over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from Jun to Sep

    图  6  1982~2013年6~9月青藏高原植被NDVI(a)下降和(b)上升区域分布(阴影为趋势相关系数)

    Figure  6.  NDVI distributions in the regions with (a) decreasing NDVI and (b) increasing NDVI over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from Jun to Sep during 1982–2013 (shadings denote trend correlation coefficients)

    表  1  青藏高原逐月GIMMS NDVI和MODIS NDVI之间的回归模型

    Table  1.   Regression model between monthly GIMMS NDVI and MODIS NDVI over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

    月份 回归模型 决定系数R2
    5 y=0.724x+0.008 0.916*
    6 y=0.828x+0.014 0.887*
    7 y=0.836x+0.002 0.905*
    8 y=0.849x+0.019 0.837*
    9 y=0.801x+0.025 0.919*
    10 y=0.764x+0.023 0.839*
    注:xy分别代表MODIS NDVI和GIMMS NDVI。
    *表示显著性系数P<0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  青藏高原各分区代表站植被NDVI和5个气象要素的相关系数

    Table  2.   Correlation coefficients between NDVI and five meteorological elements at the representative stations of each subregion over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

    月份 地区 与NDVI的相关系数
    降水量 平均气温 平均最高气温 平均最低气温 日照百分率
    6月 二区 –0.3731* –0.2876 –0.3976* 0.2841 0.2962
    四区 0.5042** –0.4657** –0.4355* –0.4651* –0.3524
    五区 –0.4326* 0.4468* 0.5037** 0.4238* 0.5106**
    7月 二区 –0.2184 –0.2126 –0.3640* –0.1641 0.2796
    四区 0.2327 –0.4683** –0.3768* –0.3801* 0.4973**
    五区 0.4233* –0.3587 0.2001 –0.4564* –0.4522*
    8月 二区 –0.1517 0.1908 0.1513 0.3591 –0.2657
    四区 0.4711** –0.4136* –0.4055* –0.1294 0.3893*
    五区 0.4113* –0.2014 –0.1055 –0.3257 –0.1175
    9月 二区 –0.3649* 0.2435 –0.3296 –0.3054 0.3578
    四区 0.4956** –0.4377* –0.3921* 0.1324 –0.5067**
    五区 0.4632** 0.3489 0.4793** 0.3068 –0.4762**
    *表示P≤0.05具有统计学意义。
    **表示P≤0.01具有高度的统计学意义。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  青藏高原各分区代表站植被NDVI和5个气象要素去趋势以后的相关系数

    Table  3.   Correlation coefficient between detrended NDVI and five meteorological factors at the representative stations over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

    月份 地区 去趋势后的相关系数
    降水量 平均气温 平均最高气温 平均最低气温 日照百分率
    6月 二区 –0.3671* –0.2851 –0.3014 0.1093 0.0314
    四区 0.3324 –0.4127* –0.3830* –0.3498 –0.3147
    五区 –0.2036 0.4537* 0.4762** 0.2163 0.5011**
    7月 二区 –0.1576 –0.0479 –0.0772 –0.1532 0.2234
    四区 0.1225 –0.3749* –0.2396 –0.3128 0.4067*
    五区 0.3985 –0.3174 0.2051 –0.4019* –0.3952*
    8月 二区 –0.0840 0.1538 0.1414 0.3425 –0.2575
    四区 0.4001* –0.2835 –0.3961* –0.0654 0.3628*
    五区 0.3936* –0.0864 –0.0756 –0.1958 –0.3279
    9月 二区 –0.3739* 0.1615 –0.4123 –0.3174 0.3624*
    四区 0.4639** –0.4128* –0.3629* 0.2061 –0.4934**
    五区 0.4529* 0.3185 0.4826** 0.4965** –0.4625**
    *表示P≤0.05具有统计学意义。
    **表示P≤0.01具有高度的统计学意义。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  青藏高原各分区代表站气象要素的月平均值

    Table  4.   Meteorological elements on average at the representative stations over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

    月份 地区 降水量/mm 平均气温/℃ 平均最高气温/℃ 平均最低气温/℃ 日照百分率
    6月 二区 13.1 10.09 17.87 2.35 76.96%
    四区 27.6 12.14 20.31 7.23 61.46%
    五区 119.8 17.66 25.10 12.39 38.66%
    7月 二区 36.3 13.45 20.23 6.63 74.68%
    四区 28.5 16.45 23.87 10.56 62.84%
    五区 140.5 17.79 24.82 13.16 38.32%
    8月 二区 40.3 12.59 19.43 6.34 77.04%
    四区 15.5 15.51 25.26 8.45 67.76%
    五区 104.8 19.18 25.38 12.59 40.1%
    9月 二区 13.4 8.94 15.98 1.69 80.28%
    四区 9.0 10.78 18.68 3.95 71.44%
    五区 95.2 15.22 22.71 10.64 43.02%
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2014-11-20
  • 网络出版日期:  2017-03-12
  • 刊出日期:  2017-05-20

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