从Himawari08卫星估算晴空地表长波辐射及其日变化特征初探

吴晓; 闵敏; 董立新

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.16152

从Himawari08卫星估算晴空地表长波辐射及其日变化特征初探

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.16152

吴晓^{1, 2,},
闵敏^{1, 2},
董立新^{1, 2}

1.
中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室, 北京 100081
2.
国家卫星气象中心, 北京 100081

基金项目: 国家卫星气象中心风云四号静止气象卫星地面应用系统工程-产品算法开发项目

详细信息

作者简介:
吴晓, 女, 1964年出生, 高级工程师, 主要从事气象卫星遥感反演研究。E-mail:wuxiao@cma.gov.cn

中图分类号: P405
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-08-08
- 网络出版日期: 2017-03-07
- 刊出日期: 2018-01-20

Estimation and Diurnal Variation Analysis of Clear-Sky Surface Longwave Radiation Fluxes from Himawari08 Satellite

Xiao WU^{1, 2
,},
Min MIN^{1, 2},
Lixin DONG^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081
2.
National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081

Funds: Ground Application System Engineering Project of Fengyun4 Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-Satellite Products Development Sub-project

摘要

摘要: 通过446183条全球晴空大气廓线的红外辐射传输模拟和统计回归，建立了由Himawari08成像仪通道遥测数据估算晴空地表上行、下行长波辐射通量的反演模式，模式应用于成像仪观测资料，处理出晴空地表上行、下行长波辐射通量实时产品，2016年2~6月的产品精度验证试验结果为：与相同时刻的AQUA卫星CERES仪器同类产品相比，地表上行通量均方根误差R_e=7.9 W/m²，相关系数R=0.9399，地表下行通量R_e=14.5 W/m²，R=0.9586；与由中国地面气象站地面气温和相对湿度观测经Brunt、Brutsaert经验公式计算的实时地表下行长波辐射通量相比，R_e=15.34 W/m²，R=0.8786；与用陆表温度计算的地表上行长波辐射通量相比，R_e=12.6 W/m²，R=0.9977。研究了2016年2、6月的晴空地表长波辐射产品，发现陆地晴空上、下行通量有着与太阳加热地表增温相应的明显日变化特征，峰值出现在12：00（当地时间，下同）至14：00，低谷出现在04：00至07：00，下行通量与上行通量几乎同步变化或约有延时，陆地上2个通量归一化的日变化指数类似一个半正弦曲线，而海面长波辐射通量则没有明显的日变化规律。
- 地表上行长波辐射 /
- 地表下行长波辐射 /
- 辐射传输模拟 /
- 日变化
Abstract: Based on infrared radiative transfer simulation of 446183 global atmospheric profiles and statistical regression analysis, two retrieval models relating the clear-sky surface downward and upwelling longwave radiation fluxes with the channel observations of Himawari08 satellite are established. By applying the models to the observation data of Himawari08, the two flux products from February 2016 have been processed. Several experiments are conducted to validate the processed products, and results show that the RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) is 7.9 W/m² and the correlation coefficient R is 0.9399 when comparing the surface upwelling longwave flux product with that of AQUA/CERES; the RMSE is 14.5 W/m² and R is 0.9586 when comparing the surface downward longwave flux product with that of AQUA/CERES; the RMSE is 15.34 W/m² when the satellite estimated downward fluxes are compared with the empirically calculated fluxes by Brunt equation and ground air temperature and humidity observations collected at 2260 Chinese ground meteorological stations; the RMSE is 12.6 W/m² when comparing the upwelling flux product with the flux derived from land surface temperature product of Himawari08. Two months' products in February 2016 and June 2016 are selected to study the diurnal variation of the two fluxes. The results indicate that the diurnal cycles of the two fluxes are highly associated with the solar heating surface over land with the maxima appearing from 1200 LST to 1400 LST and the minima at around 0400 LST to 0700 LST in winter and summer. The diurnal variation of downward flux is either in the same phase with that of upward flux over most land, or one hour later in some locations. The variation patterns of both flux cycles can be approximated with a half-sine curve and two lines. But over ocean there are no distinct diurnal variation characters.
- Surface upward longwave radiation /
- Surface downward longwave radiation /
- Radiative transfer simulation /
- Diurnal variation

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图 1 2016年2月13:00的平均DLR

Figure 1. The DLR at 1300 LST in February 2016

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图 2 2016年2月13:00的平均ULR

Figure 2. The ULR at 1300 LST in February 2016

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图 3 2015年8月20日16:10至16:20 Himawari08 ULR与CERES ULR的差值

Figure 3. The Himawari08 ULR minus CERES (Clouds and the Earth's Radiation Energy System) ULR during 1610 LST to 1620 LST 20 Aug 2015

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图 4 2015年8月20日16:10至16:20 Himawari08 DLR与CERES DLR的差值

Figure 4. The Himawari08 DLR minus CERES DLR during 1610 LST to 1620 LST Aug 2015

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图 5 2016年2月Himawari08瞬时DLR产品与地面观测资料经验估算值比较散点图

Figure 5. Comparison between the satellite estimated DLR and that empirically calculated with Chinese ground meteorological station observations in February 2016

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图 6 2016年3月3日00:00至00:10 Himawari08 ULR与Himawari08陆表温度LST产品推算ULR的差值

Figure 6. The satellite estimated ULR minus that derived from land surface temperature product for 0000 LST to 0010 LST 3 Mar 2016

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图 7 2016年2月夜间地面净长波辐射通量观测与Himawari08实时产品的比较

Figure 7. Comparison between the net surface longwave radiation fluxes estimated from Himawari08 and that observed by meteorological radiative observation stations of China during February 2016

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图 8 2016年2月中国各大区及澳洲大陆单站DLR归一化日变化指数时间变化曲线

Figure 8. Normalized diurnal variations of clear-sky DLR for the 21 sites in China and Australia in February 2016

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图 9 2016年2月中国各大区及澳洲大陆单站ULR归一化日变化指数时间变化曲线

Figure 9. Normalized diurnal variations of clear-sky ULR for the 21 sites in China and Australia in February 2016

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图 10 2016年2月（55°N~45°S，80°E~150°E）区域内的DLR峰值时间

Figure 10. The local time at which the maximum DLR appeared in February 2016 (55°N-45°S, 80°E-150°E)

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图 11 2016年2月（55°N~45°S，80°E~150°E）区域内的DLR低谷时间

Figure 11. The local time at which the minima DLR appeared in February 2016 (55°N-45°S, 80°E-150°E)

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表 1 Himawari08成像仪通道光谱特性和ULR、DLR产品反演采用的通道

Table 1. The spectrums of Himawari08 imager instrument and the selected channels used by ULR (Upwelling Longwave Radiation at surface) and DLR (Downward Longwave Radiation at surface) retrieval

Himawari08通道	中心波长/μm	是否ULR选用通道	是否DLR选用通道	主要探测目的
1	0.46	否	否	气溶胶
2	0.51	否	否	云、雾
3	0.64	否	否	云、雾
4	0.86	否	否	植被
5	1.6	否	否	云、雪
6	2.3	否	否	卷云、气溶胶
7	3.9	否	否	火
8	6.2	否	否	500 hPa水汽
9	7.0	否	否	700 hPa水汽
10	7.3	否	否	700 hPa水汽
11	8.6	是	否	900 hPa水汽
12	9.6	否	否	O₃总含量
13	10.4	是	是	地面及海面温度
14	11.2	否	否	地面及海面温度
15	12.3	是	否	地面及海面温度
16	13.3	是	是	900 hPa温度

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