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1951~2010年云贵高原大理和丽江气温、降水的气候特征分析

刘翔卿 王雷 刘阳 孙绩华

刘翔卿, 王雷, 刘阳, 孙绩华. 1951~2010年云贵高原大理和丽江气温、降水的气候特征分析[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2018, 23(5): 513-523. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17040
引用本文: 刘翔卿, 王雷, 刘阳, 孙绩华. 1951~2010年云贵高原大理和丽江气温、降水的气候特征分析[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2018, 23(5): 513-523. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17040
Xiangqing LIU, Lei WANG, Yang LIU, Jihua SUN. Climatological Characteristics of Air Temperature and Precipitation at Dali and Lijiang in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau from 1951 to 2010[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2018, 23(5): 513-523. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17040
Citation: Xiangqing LIU, Lei WANG, Yang LIU, Jihua SUN. Climatological Characteristics of Air Temperature and Precipitation at Dali and Lijiang in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau from 1951 to 2010[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2018, 23(5): 513-523. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17040

1951~2010年云贵高原大理和丽江气温、降水的气候特征分析

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17040
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 91537212

国家自然科学基金项目 41675013

国家自然科学基金项目 41661144018

国家自然科学基金项目 41461144001

详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘翔卿, 男, 1987年出生, 助理工程师, 主要从事高原大气综合观测分析研究。E-mail:155014609@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    王雷, E-mail:wangl@mail.iap.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: P401

Climatological Characteristics of Air Temperature and Precipitation at Dali and Lijiang in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau from 1951 to 2010

Funds: 

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 91537212

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 41675013

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 41661144018

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 41461144001

  • 摘要: 利用大理和丽江气象站1951~2010年的逐日气象资料,分析了横断山脉东部气温、降水的气候特征。结果表明,1991年以后,大理和丽江地区均存在显著增温的趋势(0.58和0.55℃/10 a),明显高于同时期中国平均气温的增加幅度;而在1991年之前,大理和丽江的年平均气温呈现下降或微弱上升的趋势(-0.14和0.07℃/10 a)。与夏季平均气温的增温幅度相比,冬季平均气温的增温更显著,且其变化趋势与年均气温的气候特征是一致的。大理和丽江年总降水及各季节降水量在1951~2010年并没有明显增加或减少的趋势。大理和丽江雨季开始的时间分别为第28候和第30候,持续时间分别约为5.5和4.5个月。20世纪80年代以后,丽江年平均风速的减小强度明显大于大理,这是因为丽江站地处城区,城市化剧烈,地表粗糙度增加显著。日照时数与云量呈反相的季节变化,降水量的多年平均的逐候变化与日照时数、总云量、尤其是低云云量相关,随风速增大而减小。
  • 图  1  1951~2010年大理(a)年平均气温、(b)夏季平均气温和(c)冬季平均气温的变化趋势,图中k为温度变化率(单位:℃/a),R为拟合的相关系数

    Figure  1.  (a) Annual mean temperature, (b) summertime mean temperature, and (c) wintertime mean temperature at Dali from 1951 to 2010, where k (℃/ a) is the increase rate of air temperature, and R is the correlation coefficient

    图  2  图 1,但为丽江情况

    Figure  2.  Same as Fig. 1, but at Lijiang

    图  3  (a)1951~1990年和(b)1991~2010年大理月平均气温(TEM)、月最高温度(Tmax)和月最低温度(Tmin)逐月的历史变化趋势

    Figure  3.  Trends of monthly mean air temperature (TEM), monthly maximum air temperature (Tmax), and monthly minimum air temperature (Tmin) at Dali during (a) 1951-1990 and (b) 1991-2010

    图  4  图 3,但为丽江情况

    Figure  4.  Same as Fig. 3, but at Lijiang

    图  5  1951~2010年大理(a)月平均最高气温、(b)月平均最低气温和(c)月平均的气温日较差(DTR)的逐月变化

    Figure  5.  (a) Monthly maximum air temperature, (b) monthly minimum air temperature, and (c) diurnal temperature range (DTR) at Dali from 1951 to 2010

    图  6  图 5,但为丽江情况

    Figure  6.  Same as Fig. 5, but at Lijiang

    图  7  1959~2010年(a)大理和(b)丽江年平均土壤温度(Ts,0 cm)的变化

    Figure  7.  Annual mean soil temperature (Ts, 0 cm) at (a) Dali and (b) Lijiang from 1959 to 2010

    图  8  1951~2010年(a)大理和(b)丽江气温(Ta)和土壤温度(Ts)平均的逐候季节变化

    Figure  8.  Seasonal variations of pentadic mean air temperature (Ta) and soil temperature (Ts) from 1951 to 2010 at (a) Dali and (b) Lijiang

    图  9  1951~2010年(a)大理和(b)丽江年总降水量(PPT)的变化

    Figure  9.  Changes in annual total precipitation (PPT) at (a) Daliand (b) Lijiang from 1951 to 2010

    图  13  1951~2010年(a)大理和(b)丽江年平均风速在的逐年变化

    Figure  13.  Annual mean wind speeds from 1951 to 2010 at (a) Dali and (b) Lijiang, where slope is the increase rate of wind speed (m s-1 a-1), and R is the correlation coefficient

    图  14  1951~2010年大理和丽江(a)日照时数、(b)总云量和(c)低云量平均的逐候季节变化

    Figure  14.  Seasonal variations of pentadic (a) sunshine duration, (b) total cloud, and (c) low cloud averaged from 1951 to 2010 at Dali and Lijiang

    图  15  1951~2010年平均的逐候降水量和(a)日照时数、(b)总云量、(c)低云量和(d)风速的关系。R2为物理量之间的决定系数

    Figure  15.  Relationship between pentadic precipitation and (a) sunshine duration, (b) total cloud, (c) low cloud, and (d) wind speed averaged from 1951 to 2010. R2 is the determination coefficient between variables

    图  16  1951~2010年平均的逐候(a)水汽压、(b)相对湿度和降水量的关系。R2为物理量之间的决定系数

    Figure  16.  Relationship of pentadic (a) vapor pressure and (b) relative humidity with precipitation averaged from 1951 to 2010. R2 is the determination coefficient between variables

    图  10  1951~2010年(a)大理和(b)丽江降水量平均的逐候季节变化,图中虚线位置是多年平均降水量

    Figure  10.  Seasonal variations of pentadic total precipitation from 1951 to 2010 at (a) Dali and (b) Lijiang. The dashed line represents multi-year mean precipitation

    图  11  1951~2010年大理(a、b)全年日降水量和(c、d)5~10月日降水量的频率分布:(a、c)日降水以10 mm为一格点;(b、d)日降水以2 mm为一格点

    Figure  11.  Frequency distribution of daily precipitation (a, b) for the whole year and (c, d) from May to October at Dali from 1951 to 2010: (a, c) With a precipitation bins of 10 mm; (b, d) with a precipitation bins of 2 mm

    图  12  图 11,但为丽江

    Figure  12.  Same as Fig. 11, but at Lijiang

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2017-03-14
  • 网络出版日期:  2017-06-19
  • 刊出日期:  2018-09-20

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