2000~2016年青藏高原地表反照率时空分布及动态变化

陈爱军; 曹晓云; 韩琛惠; 郑照军; 刘玉洁; 卞林根

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17113

2000~2016年青藏高原地表反照率时空分布及动态变化

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17113

陈爱军^{1, 2,},
曹晓云^{1, 2},
韩琛惠^{1, 2},
郑照军³,
刘玉洁³,
卞林根⁴

1.
南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044
2.
南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 南京 210044
3.
国家卫星气象中心, 北京 100081
4.
中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081

基金项目:

公益性行业（气象）科研专项 GYHY201206040

公益性行业（气象）科研专项 GYHY201306054

详细信息

作者简介:
陈爱军, 男, 1972年出生, 副教授, 主要从事气象卫星资料分析与应用研究。E-mail:chenaijun@nuist.edu.cn

中图分类号: P467
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-07-25
- 网络出版日期: 2017-12-27
- 刊出日期: 2018-05-20

Spatial-Temporal Distribution and Variation of Land Surface Albedo over the Tibetan Plateau during 2000-2016

Aijun CHEN^{1, 2
,},
Xiaoyun CAO^{1, 2},
Chenhui HAN^{1, 2},
Zhaojun ZHENG³,
Yujie LIU³,
Lingen BIAN⁴

1.
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044
2.
School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044
3.
National Satellite Meteorology Center, Beijing 100081
4.
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081

Funds:

Special Fund for Meteorological Scientific Research in the Public Interest GYHY201206040

Special Fund for Meteorological Scientific Research in the Public Interest GYHY201306054

摘要

摘要: 应用MODIS地表反照率产品MCD43C3，结合青藏高原自然带数据、积雪覆盖率和植被指数数据，采用一元线性回归方法分析了2000~2016年青藏高原地表反照率的分布及变化特征，结果表明：1）高原地表反照率空间分布差异大，整体上东南部低、西北部高，受地形和地表覆盖影响较大。2）高原地表反照率四季的空间分布变化明显，高海拔山脉和高寒灌丛草甸是高原地表反照率年内和年际变化的敏感地区。3）高原地表反照率年变化介于0.19~0.26，一定程度上表现为“双峰单谷”型，与地表覆盖类型的季节变化密切相关。4）高原地表反照率年际变化整体呈缓慢波动减小的趋势，平均变率约为－0.4×10^-3 a^-1，减小的区域约占高原总面积的66%，川西 —藏东针叶林带的西南部地区减小得最快，减小速率超过1.0×10^-2 a^-1。5）高原地表反照率减小与冰川消融和积雪减少密切相关，高原植被覆盖改善也是一个重要因素。
- 地表反照率 /
- 时空分布 /
- 动态变化 /
- 青藏高原 /
- MODIS数据
Abstract: To accurately describe the spatial-temporal distribution and variation of land surface albedo over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), the spatial-temporal distribution and variation of land surface albedo over the TP from 2000 to 2016 are statistically analyzed in the present study based on MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) surface albedo data MCD43C3, natural geographic zones data of the TP, and data of snow cover fraction and vegetation index. The main results are as follows:1) There exists large spatial variation of land surface albedo, which is low over the southeastern plateau and high over the northwestern plateau due to influences of topography and surface cover. 2) The spatial distribution of land surface albedo changes obviously with season. High-elevation mountain ranges and alpine shrub meadows are sensitive areas for annual and interannual variations of land surface albedo over the TP. 3) Land surface albedo over the TP varies between 0.19-0.26 annually, and partly shows a double peak and single valley pattern, which is closely related to seasonal changes of land cover types. 4) In general, during the past 17 years, the interannual variation of land surface albedo indicates that the annually averaged albedo over the TP decreases gradually with an average rate of -0.4×10^-3 a^-1 that covers 66% of the entire plateau. Land surface albedo decreases most obviously with a rate of more than 1.0×10^-2 a^-1 in the southwestern of coniferous forest belt which is in western Sichuan and eastern TP. 5) Seasonal snow loss and glacier ablation are closely related to the decrease of land surface albedo over the TP, and the improvement of vegetation cover is also an important reason.
- Land surface albedo /
- Spatial-temporal distribution /
- Variation /
- Tibetan Plateau /
- MODIS data

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图 1 青藏高原的（a）数字海拔高程和（b）MODIS IGBP地表分类

Figure 1. Spatial distributions of (a) digital elevation and (b) land-cover type from MODIS IGBP (International Geosphere-Biosphere Program) over the TibetanPlateau

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 青藏高原（a）多年平均地表反照率和（b）年均地表反照率标准差的空间分布

Figure 2. Spatial distributions of (a)multi-year averaged land surface albedo and (b) standard deviation of annually averaged land surface albedo over the Tibetan Plateau

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 青藏高原（a）春季、（b）夏季、（c）秋季、（d）冬季多年平均地表反照率空间分布

Figure 3. Spatial distributions of multi-year averaged land surface albedo over the Tibetan Plateau in (a) spring, (b) summer, (c) autumn, and (d) winter

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 青藏高原（a）春季、（b）夏季、（c）秋季、（d）冬季平均地表反照率标准差空间分布

Figure 4. Spatial distributions of standard deviations of land surface albedo over the Tibetan Plateau in (a) spring, (b) summer, (c) autumn, and (d) winter

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 青藏高原地表反照率与（a）积雪覆盖率和（b）植被指数的年变化

Figure 5. Annual variations of land surface albedo (a) with snow cover fraction and (b) with vegetation index over the Tibetan Plateau

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 青藏高原（a）年均地表反照率的年际变化速率和（b）通过0.1显著性水平检验的年际变化速率的空间分布

Figure 6. Spatial distributions of (a) interannual variation rate of annually averaged land surface albedo and (b) the variation rate that is significant at 0.1 level over the Tibetan Plateau

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 青藏高原（a）年均积雪覆盖率的年际变化速率和（b）年均植被指数年际变化速率空间分布

Figure 7. Spatial distributions of interannual variation rates of annually averaged (a) snow cover and (b) vegetation index over the Tibetan Plateau

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 青藏高原不同自然带年均地表反照率的年际变化：（a）时间序列；（b）平均变化速率；（c）标准差

Figure 8. Interannual variations of annually averaged surface albedo in different natural geographic zones over the Tibetan Plateau: (a) Time series; (b) averaged changing rate; (c) standard deviation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 （a）青藏高原整体、（b）果洛那曲地区年均地表反照率和积雪覆盖率的年际变化

Figure 9. Interannual variations of annually averaged surface albedo and snow cover over (a) the whole Tibetan Plateau and (b) Guoluo-Naqu area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 青藏高原自然地带划分（郑度，1996）

Table 1. Natural geographic zones of the Tibetan Plateau (Zheng, 1996)

温度带	干湿地区	自然地带
Ⅰ高原亚寒带	B半湿润地区	ⅠB1 果洛那曲高寒灌丛草甸地带
	C半干旱地区	ⅠC1 青南高寒草甸草原地带
		ⅠC2 羌塘高寒草原地带
	D干旱地区	ⅠD1 昆仑高寒荒漠地带
Ⅱ高原温带	A/B湿润/半湿润地区	ⅡAB1川西藏东山地针叶林带
	C半干旱地区	ⅡC1 藏南山地灌从草原地带
		ⅡC2 青东祁连山地草原地带
	D干旱地区	ⅡD1 阿里山地荒漠半荒漠地带
		ⅡD2 柴达木山地荒漠地带
		ⅡD3 昆仑北翼山地荒漠地带
O山地亚热带	A湿润地区	OA1东喜马拉雅南翼山地常绿阔叶林带

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