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高空急流的维持对我国南方暴雪的影响

Influence of the Maintenance of Upper Jet Stream on Snowstorms in the Southern Part of China

  • 摘要: 利用欧洲中期预报中心再分析数据(ERA- Interim)分析了2014年2月9日、2015年12月5日、2016年1月20日和2018年1月24日高空急流扰动动能对暴雪的影响。在暴雪发生的过程中,通常伴有高空急流的存在。高空急流一方面维持自身的存在,另一方面其引起的垂直运动有利于暴雪的发展。垂直运动的上升支有两个方面的作用,一个是将低层暖湿空气输送到高层,为暴雪提供源源不断的水汽,另一个是将急流中的扰动动能向下输送到低层冷暖气流交汇区域,该区域也是水平风切变较大的区域,为该区域提供扰动动能,进一步促进暴雪的发生和发展。

     

    Abstract: The effects of the kinetic energy of upper jet disturbances on snowstorms on 9 February 2014, 5 December 2015, 20 January 2016, and 20 January 2018 were analyzed using ERA-Interim data. During snowstorms, an upper jet is usually present, causing vertical upward motion that aids in developing the snowstorm. The vertical motion serves two purposes. First, it transports warm and moist air at a low level to a high level, thus providing a continuous stream of water vapor for snowstorms. Second, it transports the kinetic energy of the jet disturbances downward to a intersection area of warm and cold air at a low level. This area exhibits wind shear that provides the kinetic energy of the disturbance to the local area and further promotes the occurrence and development of snowstorms.

     

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