Abstract: Based on assessment theories and quantitative evaluation methods of cloud water resources, this study uses ERA5 high-resolution reanalysis data and gridded observed precipitation data to analyze and evaluate the characteristics and changing trends of cloud water resources in Anhui Province, China, from 2000 to 2021. Results reveal the following: (1) Spatial horizontal distributions of the mean states of water vapor and hydrometeor, and precipitation (P_s) in Anhui Province are zonal, with values decreasing as the latitude increases. In summer, the hydrometeors are mainly distributed in the middle layer (between 600 and 350 hPa), whereas in spring, autumn, and winter they are mainly below 500 hPa. (2) Water vapor advection transport shows convergence between 900 and 450 hPa, while hydrometeor advection shows convergence between 850 and 600 hPa. The intensity of water vapor advection transport in summer is significantly higher than in other seasons, peaking between 850 and 700 hPa. For hydrometeor advection transport, net hydrometeor input occurs near 700 hPa in winter and between 600 and 500 hPa in autumn. The water vapor and hydrometeor budget at the western and northern boundaries show an increasing trend, whereas those at the southern and eastern boundaries show a decreasing trend. (3) The annual atmospheric hydrometeor content (GM_h) in Anhui Province is approximately 2,281.2 mm, with a hydrometeor precipitation efficiency (PE_h) of 56%. The cloud water resource (CWR) averages 995.9 mm and shows a slow increasing trend from 2000 to 2021. The cloud condensation (C_vh) is higher in high-precipitation years and lower in less-precipitation years. The monthly variations of GM_h, the gross mass of water vapor (GM_v), P_s, PE_h, and CWR show a single-peak distribution. The results improve the understanding of CWR characteristics and provide a beneficial reference for enhancing the efficiency of CWR development in Anhui Province.