Simulations of GaoFen-5 Directional Polarimetric Camera (DPC) Observations Using the Advanced Vector Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer Model
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
In recent years, polarization remote sensing has garnered increasing attention, particularly within the realm of meteorology. To accurately simulate polarization information, the vector discrete-ordinate radiative transfer (VDISORT) model developed earlier by the community is further enhanced to an advanced version (referred to as A-VDISORT) through an improved ocean surface reflection. The Fresnel reflection matrix, which includes wind-generated roughness and shading effects, is served by an ocean bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF). The simulation from A-VDISORT is compared with SCIATRAN for a Rayleigh scattering atmosphere, and the influence of water-leaving radiance is analyzed by the PSTAR (Polarized System for Transfer of Atmospheric Radiation) model. For GaoFen-5 Directional Polarimetric Camera (DPC) observations with polarization and multi-angle information, clear-sky pixel recognition over the ocean is first carried out. The DPC reflectance of clear conditions is normalized and compared with the observations. It is shown that A-VDISORT has a high simulation accuracy with a bias of –0.0053. The difference between simulation and observation exhibits a standard normal probability distribution function.
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