The Radiation Energy Distribution Over the Tibetan Plateau: A Review and Perspective

The Tibetan Plateau (TP), characterized by its elevated topography, plays a crucial role in regional environmental and climate dynamics, where the understanding of radiation energy budgets is essential. However, accurately estimating the spatiotemporal variations of radiation budget components and surface albedo across the diverse landscapes of the TP remains a significant challenge for the scientific community. To address this issue, numerous atmospheric experiments and research initiatives have been conducted since the 1960s, focusing on quantitatively assessing the spatial distribution and temporal variations of radiation fluxes through both observational data and remote sensing techniques. This paper systematically reviews the key advancements in radiation energy studies over the past 35 years, with a particular focus on measurements derived from tens of radiation flux stations and satellite observations across the TP. Additionally, the development of parameterization schemes in topographical effects on radiation fluxes has also been summarized. Finally, the paper discusses potential future research directions in this field.