Macro- and micro-physical characteristics of different parts of mixed convective-stratiform clouds and differences in their responses to seeding

Dejun Li; Chuanfeng Zhao; Peiren LI; Cao Liu; Dianli Gong; Siyao Liu; Zhengteng Yuan; Yingying Chen

doi:10.1007/s00376-022-2003-8

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Article > ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES > 2022 > Accepted Manuscript

Macro- and micro-physical characteristics of different parts of mixed convective-stratiform clouds and differences in their responses to seeding

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1.
Beijing Normal University
2.
Hubei Meteorological Service Center
3.
Weather Modification Office of Shanxi Province
4.
Wuhan Central Meteorological Observatory
5.
Weather Modification Office of Shandong Province

doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2003-8

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Abstract:
This study investigates the cloud macro- and micro-physical characteristics in the convective and stratiform regions and their different responses to the seeding for mixed convective-stratiform clouds occurred in Shandong province on 21 May 2018, based on the observations from the aircraft, the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite, and the high-resolution Himawari-8 (H8) satellite. The aircraft observations show that there are deeper convection and significantly enhanced radar echoes with higher tops in response to seeding in the convective region. This is linked with the conversion of supercooled liquid droplets to ice crystals with released latent heat, resulting in strengthened updrafts, enhanced radar echoes, higher cloud tops, and then more and larger precipitation particles. In contrast, in the stratiform cloud region, after the AgI seeding, the radar echoes become significantly weaker at heights close to the seeding layer, with the echo tops lowered by 1.4–1.7 km. In addition, a hollow structure appears at the height of 6.2–7.8 km with a depth of about 1.6 km and a diameter of about 5.5 km, and response features such as icing seeding tracks appear. These suggest that the transformation between droplets and ice particles was accelerated by the seeding in the stratiform part. The NPP and H8 satellites also show that convective activities are stronger in the convective region after seeding; while in the stratiform region, a cloud seeding track with a width of 1–3 km appears 10 km downstream of the seeding layer 15 minutes after the AgI seeding, which moves along the wind direction as width increases.
- Airborne Ka-band Precipitation Radar (KPR),
- mixed convective-stratiform clouds,
- convective region,
- stratiform region,
- cloud seeding,
- cloud microphysical properties
References

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Manuscript History

Manuscript received: 13 January 2022

Manuscript revised: 25 April 2022

Manuscript accepted: 11 May 2022

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Macro- and micro-physical characteristics of different parts of mixed convective-stratiform clouds and differences in their responses to seeding

Manuscript received: 2022-01-13
Manuscript revised: 2022-04-25
Manuscript accepted: 2022-05-11

Abstract: This study investigates the cloud macro- and micro-physical characteristics in the convective and stratiform regions and their different responses to the seeding for mixed convective-stratiform clouds occurred in Shandong province on 21 May 2018, based on the observations from the aircraft, the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite, and the high-resolution Himawari-8 (H8) satellite. The aircraft observations show that there are deeper convection and significantly enhanced radar echoes with higher tops in response to seeding in the convective region. This is linked with the conversion of supercooled liquid droplets to ice crystals with released latent heat, resulting in strengthened updrafts, enhanced radar echoes, higher cloud tops, and then more and larger precipitation particles. In contrast, in the stratiform cloud region, after the AgI seeding, the radar echoes become significantly weaker at heights close to the seeding layer, with the echo tops lowered by 1.4–1.7 km. In addition, a hollow structure appears at the height of 6.2–7.8 km with a depth of about 1.6 km and a diameter of about 5.5 km, and response features such as icing seeding tracks appear. These suggest that the transformation between droplets and ice particles was accelerated by the seeding in the stratiform part. The NPP and H8 satellites also show that convective activities are stronger in the convective region after seeding; while in the stratiform region, a cloud seeding track with a width of 1–3 km appears 10 km downstream of the seeding layer 15 minutes after the AgI seeding, which moves along the wind direction as width increases.

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