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Volume 26 Issue 3

May  2009

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2009 >  26(3): 577-584

Parameterizations of the Daytime Friction Velocity, Temperature Scale, and Upslope Flow over Gently Inclined Terrain in Calm Synoptic Conditions

  • 1.

    Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;Department of Geography, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-111, USA;National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, USA;Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA


doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0577-z

  • A set of new parameterizations for the friction velocity and temperature scale over gently sloped terrain and in calm synoptic conditions are theoretically derived. The friction velocity is found to be proportional to the product of the square root of the total accumulated heating in the boundary layer and the sinusoidal function of the slope angle, while the temperature scale is proportional to the product of the boundary layer depth, the sinusoidal function of the slope angle and the potential temperature gradient in the free atmosphere. Using the new friction velocity parameterization, together with a parameterization of eddy diffusivity and an initial potential temperature profile around sunrise, an improved parameterization for the thermally induced upslope flow profile is derived by solving the Prandtl equations. The upslope flow profile is found to be simply proportional to the friction velocity.
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    [2] Wu Rongsheng, 1991: The Surface Friction and the Flow over Mountain, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 8, 272-278.  doi: 10.1007/BF02919609
    [3] Jie CAO, Qin XU, Haishan CHEN, Shuping MA, 2022: Hybrid Methods for Computing the Streamfunction and Velocity Potential for Complex Flow Fields over Mesoscale Domains, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1417-1431.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1280-y
    [4] Chen Lianshou, Luo Zhexian, 2002: The Impact of the Eastward Shifting of Dipole Systems over Large-Scale Terrain on Tropical Cyclone Tracks, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 1069-1078.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0065-1
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    [6] LUO Dehai, LIU Jinting, LI Jianping, 2010: Interaction between Planetary-Scale Diffluent Flow and Synoptic-Scale Waves During the Life Cycle of Blocking, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 807-831.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9074-7
    [7] YU Ye, Xiaoming CAI, QIE Xiushu, 2007: Influence of Topography and Large-scale Forcing on the Occurrence of Katabatic Flow Jumps in Antarctica: Idealized Simulations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 819-832.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0819-x
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    [10] Luo Dehai, 1999: Nonlinear Three-Wave Interaction among Barotropic Rossby Waves in a Large-scale Forced Barotropic Flow, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 16, 451-466.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-999-0023-2
    [11] Xulin MA, Jie HE, Xuyang GE, 2017: Simulated Sensitivity of the Tropical Cyclone Eyewall Replacement Cycle to the Ambient Temperature Profile, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 1047-1056.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-6302-4
    [12] MIN Wenbin, CHEN Zhongming, SUN Linsheng, GAO Wenliang, LUO Xiuling, YANG Tingrong, PU Jian, HUANG Guanglun, YANG Xiurong, 2004: A Scheme for Pixel-Scale Aerodynamic Surface Temperature over Hilly Land, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 125-131.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915686
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 May 2009
    Manuscript revised: 10 May 2009
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Parameterizations of the Daytime Friction Velocity, Temperature Scale, and Upslope Flow over Gently Inclined Terrain in Calm Synoptic Conditions

    • 1. Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136; State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;Department of Geography, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-111, USA;National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, USA;Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA
    • Manuscript received: 2009-05-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2009-05-10

    Abstract: A set of new parameterizations for the friction velocity and temperature scale over gently sloped terrain and in calm synoptic conditions are theoretically derived. The friction velocity is found to be proportional to the product of the square root of the total accumulated heating in the boundary layer and the sinusoidal function of the slope angle, while the temperature scale is proportional to the product of the boundary layer depth, the sinusoidal function of the slope angle and the potential temperature gradient in the free atmosphere. Using the new friction velocity parameterization, together with a parameterization of eddy diffusivity and an initial potential temperature profile around sunrise, an improved parameterization for the thermally induced upslope flow profile is derived by solving the Prandtl equations. The upslope flow profile is found to be simply proportional to the friction velocity.

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