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Volume 29 Issue 6

Nov.  2012

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2012 >  29(6): 1264-1278

Eddy Covariance Tilt Corrections over a Coastal Mountain Area in South-east China: Significance for Near-Surface Turbulence Characteristics

  • 1.

    School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources, Guiyang 550002;School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;Institute of Microorganism Epidemic, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071;School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093


doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1052-9

  • Turbulence characteristics of an atmospheric surface layer over a coastal mountain area were investigated under different coordinate frames. Performances of three methods of coordinate rotation: double rotation (DR), triple rotation (TR), and classic planar-fit rotation (PF) were examined in terms of correction of eddy covariance flux. Using the commonly used DR and TR methods, unreasonable rotation angles are encountered at low wind speeds and cause significant run-to-run errors of some turbulence characteristics. The PF method rotates the coordinate system to an ensemble-averaged plane, and shows large tilt error due to an inaccurate fit plane over variable terrain slopes. In this paper, we propose another coordinate rotation scheme. The observational data were separated into two groups according to wind direction. The PF method was adapted to find an ensemble-averaged streamline plane for each group of hourly runs with wind speed exceeding 1.0 m s-1. Then, the coordinate systems were rotated to their respective best-fit planes for all available hourly observations. We call this the PF10 method. The implications of tilt corrections for the turbulence characteristics are discussed with a focus on integral turbulence characteristics, the spectra of wind-velocity components, and sensible heat and momentum fluxes under various atmospheric stabilities. Our results show that the adapted application of PF provides greatly improved estimates of integral turbulence characteristics in complex terrain and maintains data quality. The comparisons of the sensible heat fluxes for four coordinate rotation methods to fluxes before correction indicate that the PF10 scheme is the best to preserve consistency between fluxes.
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 November 2012
    Manuscript revised: 10 November 2012
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Eddy Covariance Tilt Corrections over a Coastal Mountain Area in South-east China: Significance for Near-Surface Turbulence Characteristics

    • 1. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources, Guiyang 550002;School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;Institute of Microorganism Epidemic, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071;School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093
    • Manuscript received: 2012-11-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2012-11-10

    Abstract: Turbulence characteristics of an atmospheric surface layer over a coastal mountain area were investigated under different coordinate frames. Performances of three methods of coordinate rotation: double rotation (DR), triple rotation (TR), and classic planar-fit rotation (PF) were examined in terms of correction of eddy covariance flux. Using the commonly used DR and TR methods, unreasonable rotation angles are encountered at low wind speeds and cause significant run-to-run errors of some turbulence characteristics. The PF method rotates the coordinate system to an ensemble-averaged plane, and shows large tilt error due to an inaccurate fit plane over variable terrain slopes. In this paper, we propose another coordinate rotation scheme. The observational data were separated into two groups according to wind direction. The PF method was adapted to find an ensemble-averaged streamline plane for each group of hourly runs with wind speed exceeding 1.0 m s-1. Then, the coordinate systems were rotated to their respective best-fit planes for all available hourly observations. We call this the PF10 method. The implications of tilt corrections for the turbulence characteristics are discussed with a focus on integral turbulence characteristics, the spectra of wind-velocity components, and sensible heat and momentum fluxes under various atmospheric stabilities. Our results show that the adapted application of PF provides greatly improved estimates of integral turbulence characteristics in complex terrain and maintains data quality. The comparisons of the sensible heat fluxes for four coordinate rotation methods to fluxes before correction indicate that the PF10 scheme is the best to preserve consistency between fluxes.

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