Abstract: In recent years, disastrous weather, such as heavy rainfall and severe convection, has occurred frequently in China, and vortices are one of the important weather systems that produce disastrous weather. This paper aims to improve the understanding and prediction accuracy of the mechanism of vortices, as well as the disastrous weather they generate in China, such as heavy rainfall and severe convection. Herein, the important research results of the three types of vortices (i.e., Tibetan Plateau, Southwest, and Dabie vortices) along the Yangtze River basin and the Northeast cold and Central Asian vortices in northern China in the past 10 years are summarized. This paper mainly reviews the identification methods, the statistical characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution, the three-dimensional structure of these vortices, and the formation mechanism of disastrous weather, such as heavy rainfall and severe convection, associated with the vortices in the past ten years. Finally, a brief discussion and outlook are given on the future directions in research and forecasting related to vortex systems and the disastrous weather that they generate.