Stationary Response of the Subtropical Circulation to Latent Heating in a Linear Quasigeostropic Model. II: Boundary Restriction and Self-adaptation of Basic Flow and Stratified Stability

The factors that affect the centers of subtropical cyclone and anticyclone responding to latent heating are explored by using a linear quasigeostropic model. The mechanism that the vertical shear of basic flow in the boundary layer influences the lower troposphere circulation is revealed, and the importance of self-adjustment of basic flow and static stability is discussed. Results show that the centers of the forced cyclone and anticyclone are located on the north of the heating area due to β and f effect, the second order shear of basic flow in the meridional and vertical directions, and the asymmetry of advection of westerly and easterly basic flow. Results also show that the centers appear at the surface when the vertical shear of basic flow is zero at the surface boundary or when wind decreases with height in the boundary layer. The centers lift when wind increases with height, which is similar to the features in the Asia monsoon area in summer. The center of lower anticyclone would lifts further when the self-adjustment processes of basic flow and static stability are considered, which proves that convective precipitation contributes greatly to the formation of anticyclone to its east in the mid or lower troposphere. It is shown that the location of the center of lower anticyclone forced by latent heating appearing at the sea surface is not correct because there is improper lower boundary condition and there are no self-adjustment processes of basic flow and static stability in traditional linear models.